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    Sanjay Kakar, MD

    TitleProfessor of Clinical
    SchoolUCSF School of Medicine
    DepartmentPathology
    AddressSF Veteran Affairs Med. Center
    4150 Clement St., S.F . 94121
    Phone415-221-4810x2619

       Bibliographic 
       Publications
      Publications by year:
      Publications listed below are automatically derived from MEDLINE/PubMed and other sources, which might result in incorrect or missing publications. Researchers can login to make corrections and additions, or contact us for help.
      1. Varenika V, Fu Y, Maher JJ, Gao D, Kakar S, Cabarrus MC, Yeh BM. Hepatic Fibrosis: Evaluation with Semiquantitative Contrast-enhanced CT. Radiology. 2013 Jan; 266(1):151-8.
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      2. Evason KJ, Grenert JP, Ferrell LD, Kakar S. Atypical hepatocellular adenoma-like neoplasms with ß-catenin activation show cytogenetic alterations similar to well-differentiated hepatocellular carcinomas. Hum Pathol. 2013 May; 44(5):750-8.
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      3. Kakar S, Deng G, Smyrk TC, Cun L, Sahai V, Kim YS. Loss of heterozygosity, aberrant methylation, BRAF mutation and KRAS mutation in colorectal signet ring cell carcinoma. Mod Pathol. 2012 Jul; 25(7):1040-7.
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      4. Shafizadeh N, Kakar S. Diagnosis of well-differentiated hepatocellular lesions: role of immunohistochemistry and other ancillary techniques. Adv Anat Pathol. 2011 Nov; 18(6):438-45.
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      5. Hirschey MD, Shimazu T, Jing E, Grueter CA, Collins AM, Aouizerat B, Stancáková A, Goetzman E, Lam MM, Schwer B, Stevens RD, Muehlbauer MJ, Kakar S, Bass NM, Kuusisto J, Laakso M, Alt FW, Newgard CB, Farese RV, Kahn CR, Verdin E. SIRT3 deficiency and mitochondrial protein hyperacetylation accelerate the development of the metabolic syndrome. Mol Cell. 2011 Oct 21; 44(2):177-90.
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      6. Na B, Huang Z, Wang Q, Qi Z, Tian Y, Lu CC, Yu J, Hanes MA, Kakar S, Huang EJ, Ou JH, Liu L, Yen TS. Transgenic expression of entire hepatitis B virus in mice induces hepatocarcinogenesis independent of chronic liver injury. PLoS One. 2011; 6(10):e26240.
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      7. Suh SO, Chen Y, Zaman MS, Hirata H, Yamamura S, Shahryari V, Liu J, Tabatabai ZL, Kakar S, Deng G, Tanaka Y, Dahiya R. MicroRNA-145 is regulated by DNA methylation and p53 gene mutation in prostate cancer. Carcinogenesis. 2011 May; 32(5):772-8.
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      8. Washington MK, Berlin J, Branton PA, Burgart LJ, Carter DK, Compton CC, Fitzgibbons PL, Frankel WL, Jessup JM, Kakar S, Minsky B, Nakhleh RE, Vauthey JN. Protocol for the examination of specimens from patients with carcinoma of the distal extrahepatic bile ducts. Arch Pathol Lab Med. 2010 Apr; 134(4):e8-13.
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      9. Okudaira K, Kakar S, Cun L, Choi E, Wu Decamillis R, Miura S, Sleisenger MH, Kim YS, Deng G. MUC2 gene promoter methylation in mucinous and non-mucinous colorectal cancer tissues. Int J Oncol. 2010 Apr; 36(4):765-75.
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      10. Washington MK, Berlin J, Branton PA, Burgart LJ, Carter DK, Compton CC, Fitzgibbons PL, Frankel WL, Jessup JM, Kakar S, Minsky B, Nakhleh RE, Vauthey JN. Protocol for the examination of specimens from patients with carcinoma of the perihilar bile ducts. Arch Pathol Lab Med. 2010 Apr; 134(4):e19-24.
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      11. Washington MK, Berlin J, Branton PA, Burgart LJ, Carter DK, Compton CC, Frankel WL, Jessup JM, Kakar S, Minsky B, Nakhleh RE, Vauthey JN. Protocol for the examination of specimens from patients with carcinoma of the intrahepatic bile ducts. Arch Pathol Lab Med. 2010 Apr; 134(4):e14-8.
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      12. Wei W, Li B, Hanes MA, Kakar S, Chen X, Liu L. S-nitrosylation from GSNOR deficiency impairs DNA repair and promotes hepatocarcinogenesis. Sci Transl Med. 2010 Feb 17; 2(19):19ra13.
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      13. Washington MK, Tang LH, Berlin J, Branton PA, Burgart LJ, Carter DK, Compton CC, Fitzgibbons PL, Frankel WL, Jessup JM, Kakar S, Minsky B, Nakhleh RE. Protocol for the examination of specimens from patients with neuroendocrine tumors (carcinoid tumors) of the small intestine and ampulla. Arch Pathol Lab Med. 2010 Feb; 134(2):181-6.
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      14. Washington MK, Tang LH, Berlin J, Branton PA, Burgart LJ, Carter DK, Compton CC, Fitzgibbons PL, Frankel WL, Jessup JM, Kakar S, Minsky B, Nakhleh RE. Protocol for the examination of specimens from patients with neuroendocrine tumors (carcinoid tumors) of the colon and rectum. Arch Pathol Lab Med. 2010 Feb; 134(2):176-80.
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      15. Washington MK, Tang LH, Berlin J, Branton PA, Burgart LJ, Carter DK, Compton CC, Fitzgibbons PL, Frankel WL, Jessup JM, Kakar S, Minsky B, Nakhleh RE. Protocol for the examination of specimens from patients with neuroendocrine tumors (carcinoid tumors) of the stomach. Arch Pathol Lab Med. 2010 Feb; 134(2):187-91.
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      16. Washington MK, Tang LH, Berlin J, Branton PA, Burgart LJ, Carter DK, Compton CC, Fitzgibbons PL, Frankel WL, Jessup JM, Kakar S, Minsky B, Nakhleh RE. Protocol for the examination of specimens from patients with neuroendocrine tumors (carcinoid tumors) of the appendix. Arch Pathol Lab Med. 2010 Feb; 134(2):171-5.
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      17. Shafizadeh N, Grenert JP, Sahai V, Kakar S. Epidermal growth factor receptor and HER-2/neu status by immunohistochemistry and fluorescence in situ hybridization in adenocarcinomas of the biliary tree and gallbladder. Hum Pathol. 2010 Apr; 41(4):485-92.
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      18. Washington MK, Berlin J, Branton P, Burgart LJ, Carter DK, Fitzgibbons PL, Halling K, Frankel W, Jessup J, Kakar S, Minsky B, Nakhleh R, Compton CC. Protocol for the examination of specimens from patients with primary carcinoma of the colon and rectum. Arch Pathol Lab Med. 2009 Oct; 133(10):1539-51.
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      19. Kirkland JG, Godfrey CB, Garrett R, Kakar S, Yeh BM, Corvera CU. Reversible surgical model of biliary inflammation and obstructive jaundice in mice. J Surg Res. 2010 Dec; 164(2):221-7.
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      20. Kakar S, Chen X, Ho C, Burgart LJ, Adeyi O, Jain D, Sahai V, Ferrell LD. Chromosomal abnormalities determined by comparative genomic hybridization are helpful in the diagnosis of atypical hepatocellular neoplasms. Histopathology. 2009 Aug; 55(2):197-205.
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      21. Ramachandran R, Kakar S. Histological patterns in drug-induced liver disease. J Clin Pathol. 2009 Jun; 62(6):481-92.
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      22. Deng G, Kakar S, Okudiara K, Choi E, Sleisenger MH, Kim YS. Unique methylation pattern of oncostatin m receptor gene in cancers of colorectum and other digestive organs. Clin Cancer Res. 2009 Mar 1; 15(5):1519-26.
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      23. Li D, Jin C, McCulloch C, Kakar S, Berger BM, Imperiale TF, Terdiman JP. Association of large serrated polyps with synchronous advanced colorectal neoplasia. Am J Gastroenterol. 2009 Mar; 104(3):695-702.
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      24. Kim YH, Kakar S, Cun L, Deng G, Kim YS. Distinct CpG island methylation profiles and BRAF mutation status in serrated and adenomatous colorectal polyps. Int J Cancer. 2008 Dec 1; 123(11):2587-93.
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      25. Kakar S, Chen X, Ho C, Burgart LJ, Sahai V, Dachrut S, Yabes A, Jain D, Ferrell LD. Chromosomal changes in fibrolamellar hepatocellular carcinoma detected by array comparative genomic hybridization. Mod Pathol. 2009 Jan; 22(1):134-41.
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      26. Washington MK, Berlin J, Branton PA, Burgart LJ, Carter DK, Fitzgibbons PL, Frankel WL, Jessup JM, Kakar S, Minsky B, Nakhleh RE, Compton CC. Protocol for the examination of specimens from patients with primary carcinomas of the colon and rectum. Arch Pathol Lab Med. 2008 Jul; 132(7):1182-93.
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      27. Shafizadeh N, Ferrell LD, Kakar S. Utility and limitations of glypican-3 expression for the diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma at both ends of the differentiation spectrum. Mod Pathol. 2008 Aug; 21(8):1011-8.
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      28. Kakar S, Deng G, Sahai V, Matsuzaki K, Tanaka H, Miura S, Kim YS. Clinicopathologic characteristics, CpG island methylator phenotype, and BRAF mutations in microsatellite-stable colorectal cancers without chromosomal instability. Arch Pathol Lab Med. 2008 Jun; 132(6):958-64.
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      29. Deng G, Kakar S, Tanaka H, Matsuzaki K, Miura S, Sleisenger MH, Kim YS. Proximal and distal colorectal cancers show distinct gene-specific methylation profiles and clinical and molecular characteristics. Eur J Cancer. 2008 Jun; 44(9):1290-301.
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      30. Park ET, Gum JR, Kakar S, Kwon SW, Deng G, Kim YS. Aberrant expression of SOX2 upregulates MUC5AC gastric foveolar mucin in mucinous cancers of the colorectum and related lesions. Int J Cancer. 2008 Mar 15; 122(6):1253-60.
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      31. Truta B, Chen YY, Blanco AM, Deng G, Conrad PG, Kim YH, Park ET, Kakar S, Kim YS, Velayos F, Sleisenger MH, Terdiman JP. Tumor histology helps to identify Lynch syndrome among colorectal cancer patients. Fam Cancer. 2008; 7(3):267-74.
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      32. Buckley AF, Burgart LJ, Sahai V, Kakar S. Epidermal growth factor receptor expression and gene copy number in conventional hepatocellular carcinoma. Am J Clin Pathol. 2008 Feb; 129(2):245-51.
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      33. Kakar S, Gown AM, Goodman ZD, Ferrell LD. Best practices in diagnostic immunohistochemistry: hepatocellular carcinoma versus metastatic neoplasms. Arch Pathol Lab Med. 2007 Nov; 131(11):1648-54.
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      34. Kakar S, Deng G, Cun L, Sahai V, Kim YS. CpG island methylation is frequently present in tubulovillous and villous adenomas and correlates with size, site, and villous component. Hum Pathol. 2008 Jan; 39(1):30-6.
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      35. Buckley AF, Kakar S. Comparison of the Dako EGFR pharmDx kit and Zymed EGFR antibody for assessment of EGFR status in colorectal adenocarcinoma. Appl Immunohistochem Mol Morphol. 2007 Sep; 15(3):305-9.
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      36. Lee GS, Yan JS, Ng RK, Kakar S, Maher JJ. Polyunsaturated fat in the methionine-choline-deficient diet influences hepatic inflammation but not hepatocellular injury. J Lipid Res. 2007 Aug; 48(8):1885-96.
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      37. Trautmann K, Terdiman JP, French AJ, Roydasgupta R, Sein N, Kakar S, Fridlyand J, Snijders AM, Albertson DG, Thibodeau SN, Waldman FM. Chromosomal instability in microsatellite-unstable and stable colon cancer. Clin Cancer Res. 2006 Nov 1; 12(21):6379-85.
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      38. Park ET, Oh HK, Gum JR, Crawley SC, Kakar S, Engel J, Leow CC, Gao WQ, Kim YS. HATH1 expression in mucinous cancers of the colorectum and related lesions. Clin Cancer Res. 2006 Sep 15; 12(18):5403-10.
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      39. Monto A, Kakar S, Dove LM, Bostrom A, Miller EL, Wright TL. Contributions to hepatic fibrosis in HIV-HCV coinfected and HCV monoinfected patients. Am J Gastroenterol. 2006 Jul; 101(7):1509-15.
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      40. Deng G, Nguyen A, Tanaka H, Matsuzaki K, Bell I, Mehta KR, Terdiman JP, Waldman FM, Kakar S, Gum J, Crawley S, Sleisenger MH, Kim YS. Regional hypermethylation and global hypomethylation are associated with altered chromatin conformation and histone acetylation in colorectal cancer. Int J Cancer. 2006 Jun 15; 118(12):2999-3005.
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      41. Tanaka H, Deng G, Matsuzaki K, Kakar S, Kim GE, Miura S, Sleisenger MH, Kim YS. BRAF mutation, CpG island methylator phenotype and microsatellite instability occur more frequently and concordantly in mucinous than non-mucinous colorectal cancer. Int J Cancer. 2006 Jun 1; 118(11):2765-71.
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      42. Buckley AF, Burgart LJ, Kakar S. Epidermal growth factor receptor expression and gene copy number in fibrolamellar hepatocellular carcinoma. Hum Pathol. 2006 Apr; 37(4):410-4.
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      43. Matsuzaki K, Deng G, Tanaka H, Kakar S, Miura S, Kim YS. The relationship between global methylation level, loss of heterozygosity, and microsatellite instability in sporadic colorectal cancer. Clin Cancer Res. 2005 Dec 15; 11(24 Pt 1):8564-9.
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      44. Qayyum A, Goh JS, Kakar S, Yeh BM, Merriman RB, Coakley FV. Accuracy of liver fat quantification at MR imaging: comparison of out-of-phase gradient-echo and fat-saturated fast spin-echo techniques--initial experience. Radiology. 2005 Nov; 237(2):507-11.
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      45. Kakar S, Burgart LJ, Batts KP, Garcia J, Jain D, Ferrell LD. Clinicopathologic features and survival in fibrolamellar carcinoma: comparison with conventional hepatocellular carcinoma with and without cirrhosis. Mod Pathol. 2005 Nov; 18(11):1417-23.
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      46. Kim DH, Kim JW, Cho JH, Baek SH, Kakar S, Kim GE, Sleisenger MH, Kim YS. Expression of mucin core proteins, trefoil factors, APC and p21 in subsets of colorectal polyps and cancers suggests a distinct pathway of pathogenesis of mucinous carcinoma of the colorectum. Int J Oncol. 2005 Oct; 27(4):957-64.
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      47. Monto A, Dove LM, Bostrom A, Kakar S, Tien PC, Wright TL. Hepatic steatosis in HIV/hepatitis C coinfection: prevalence and significance compared with hepatitis C monoinfection. Hepatology. 2005 Aug; 42(2):310-6.
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      48. Patil MA, Gütgemann I, Zhang J, Ho C, Cheung ST, Ginzinger D, Li R, Dykema KJ, So S, Fan ST, Kakar S, Furge KA, Büttner R, Chen X. Array-based comparative genomic hybridization reveals recurrent chromosomal aberrations and Jab1 as a potential target for 8q gain in hepatocellular carcinoma. Carcinogenesis. 2005 Dec; 26(12):2050-7.
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      49. Velayos FS, Allen BA, Conrad PG, Gum J, Kakar S, Chung DC, Truta B, Sleisenger MH, Kim YS, Terdiman JP. Low rate of microsatellite instability in young patients with adenomas: reassessing the Bethesda guidelines. Am J Gastroenterol. 2005 May; 100(5):1143-9.
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      50. Wu JT, Kakar S, Nelson RL, Mihalov ML, Hayward B, Gilbert PB, Ghosh L. Prognostic significance of DCC and p27Kip1 in colorectal cancer. Appl Immunohistochem Mol Morphol. 2005 Mar; 13(1):45-54.
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      51. Song GA, Deng G, Bell I, Kakar S, Sleisenger MH, Kim YS. Mucinous carcinomas of the colorectum have distinct molecular genetic characteristics. Int J Oncol. 2005 Mar; 26(3):745-50.
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      52. Kakar S, Smyrk TC. Signet ring cell carcinoma of the colorectum: correlations between microsatellite instability, clinicopathologic features and survival. Mod Pathol. 2005 Feb; 18(2):244-9.
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      53. Ghosh L, Dahut W, Kakar S, Posadas EM, Torres CG, Cancel-Santiago R, Ghosh BC. Management of patients with metastatic cancer of unknown primary. Curr Probl Surg. 2005 Jan; 42(1):12-66.
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      54. Gum JR, Hicks JW, Crawley SC, Yang SC, Borowsky AD, Dahl CM, Kakar S, Kim DH, Cardiff RD, Kim YS. Mice expressing SV40 T antigen directed by the intestinal trefoil factor promoter develop tumors resembling human small cell carcinoma of the colon. Mol Cancer Res. 2004 Sep; 2(9):504-13.
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      55. Kakar S, Kamath PS, Burgart LJ. Sinusoidal dilatation and congestion in liver biopsy: is it always due to venous outflow impairment? Arch Pathol Lab Med. 2004 Aug; 128(8):901-4.
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      56. Kakar S, Batts KP, Poterucha JJ, Burgart LJ. Histologic changes mimicking biliary disease in liver biopsies with venous outflow impairment. Mod Pathol. 2004 Jul; 17(7):874-8.
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      57. Kakar S, Aksoy S, Burgart LJ, Smyrk TC. Mucinous carcinoma of the colon: correlation of loss of mismatch repair enzymes with clinicopathologic features and survival. Mod Pathol. 2004 Jun; 17(6):696-700.
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      58. Kakar S, Nehra V, Murray JA, Dayharsh GA, Burgart LJ. Significance of intraepithelial lymphocytosis in small bowel biopsy samples with normal mucosal architecture. Am J Gastroenterol. 2003 Sep; 98(9):2027-33.
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      59. Kakar S, Pardi DS, Burgart LJ. Colonic ulcers accompanying collagenous colitis: implication of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. Am J Gastroenterol. 2003 Aug; 98(8):1834-7.
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      60. Kakar S, Burgart LJ, Thibodeau SN, Rabe KG, Petersen GM, Goldberg RM, Lindor NM. Frequency of loss of hMLH1 expression in colorectal carcinoma increases with advancing age. Cancer. 2003 Mar 15; 97(6):1421-7.
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      61. Kakar S, Muir T, Murphy LM, Lloyd RV, Burgart LJ. Immunoreactivity of Hep Par 1 in hepatic and extrahepatic tumors and its correlation with albumin in situ hybridization in hepatocellular carcinoma. Am J Clin Pathol. 2003 Mar; 119(3):361-6.
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      62. Kakar S, Burgart LJ, Charlton MR, Saito Y, Halling K, Thibodeau SN. Origin of adenocarcinoma in a transplanted liver determined by microsatellite analysis. Hum Pathol. 2002 Apr; 33(4):435-6.
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      63. Ullman TA, Loftus EV, Kakar S, Burgart LJ, Sandborn WJ, Tremaine WJ. The fate of low grade dysplasia in ulcerative colitis. Am J Gastroenterol. 2002 Apr; 97(4):922-7.
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      64. Kakar SS, Chen L, Puri R, Flynn SE, Jennes L. Characterization of a polyclonal antibody to human pituitary tumor transforming gene 1 (PTTG1) protein. J Histochem Cytochem. 2001 Dec; 49(12):1537-46.
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      65. Chen L, Puri R, Lefkowitz EJ, Kakar SS. Identification of the human pituitary tumor transforming gene (hPTTG) family: molecular structure, expression, and chromosomal localization. Gene. 2000 May 2; 248(1-2):41-50.
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      66. Kakar SS. Molecular cloning, genomic organization, and identification of the promoter for the human pituitary tumor transforming gene (PTTG). Gene. 1999 Nov 29; 240(2):317-24.
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      67. Kakar SS. Inhibition of growth and proliferation of EcRG293 cell line expressing high-affinity gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) receptor under the control of an inducible promoter by GnRH agonist (D-Lys6)GnRH and antagonist (Antide). Cancer Res. 1998 Oct 15; 58(20):4558-60.
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      68. Kakar SS. Assignment of the human tumor transforming gene TUTR1 to chromosome band 5q35.1 by fluorescence in situ hybridization. Cytogenet Cell Genet. 1998; 83(1-2):93-5.
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      69. Pinski J, Lamharzi N, Halmos G, Groot K, Jungwirth A, Vadillo-Buenfil M, Kakar SS, Schally AV. Chronic administration of the luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LHRH) antagonist cetrorelix decreases gonadotrope responsiveness and pituitary LHRH receptor messenger ribonucleic acid levels in rats. Endocrinology. 1996 Aug; 137(8):3430-6.
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