Joanna Hellmuth, MD, MHS

Title(s)Assistant Professor, Neurology
SchoolSchool of Medicine
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    Title(s)UCSF Weill Institute for Neurosciences


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    Dr. Joanna Hellmuth is neurologist with sub-specialty training in cognitive neurology who focuses on virally-associated cognitive disorders. She practices at the UCSF Memory and Aging Center, where she evaluates and manages patients with mild cognitive impairment; neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer's disease, Lewy body disease, frontotemporal dementia, vascular dementia; patients with HIV-related cognitive changes; and patients with cognitive post-acute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infection (PASC). Dr. Hellmuth completed her bachelor's degree at the Johns Hopkins University, a master's degree from Johns Hopkins School of Public Health, and her medical degree from the University of Vermont College of Medicine. She completed her neurology residency at the University of California, San Francisco and later joined the Memory and Aging Center for fellowship training prior to joining the faculty. Dr. Hellmuth's research interests are unraveling the pathogenesis of virally-associated cognitive disorders with the goal of developing effective treatments and preventive interventions. She is the principal investigator of the Coronavirus Neurocognitive Study (study website link below). Telemedicine appointments for California residents are available and instructions for clinic referrals can be found at: https://memory.ucsf.edu/services/gateway/make-referral
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    Coronavirus Neurocognitive Study (CNS)
    Nov 16, 2020
    Role: Principal Investigator
    Description: This is a neurologic substudy of the Long-term Impact of Infection with Novel Coronavirus study (www.liincstudy.org). CNS evaluates the cognitive and neurologic issues patients experience in the recovery phase of COVID-19 through neurologic examination, cognitive testing, blood draw, and optional spinal tap (lumbar puncture) and brain MRI.
    Defining the clinical utility of CSF biomarkers of neurodegeneration in HIV+ elders
    NIH K23MH114724Jul 18, 2017 - Jun 30, 2021
    Role: Principal Investigator

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    Publications listed below are automatically derived from MEDLINE/PubMed and other sources, which might result in incorrect or missing publications. Researchers can login to make corrections and additions, or contact us for help. to make corrections and additions.
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    1. Autoantigen profiling reveals a shared post-COVID signature in fully recovered and Long COVID patients. medRxiv. 2023 Feb 09. Bodansky A, Wang CY, Saxena A, Mitchell A, Takahashi S, Anglin K, Huang B, Hoh R, Lu S, Goldberg SA, Romero J, Tran B, Kirtikar R, Grebe H, So M, Greenhouse B, Durstenfeld MS, Hsue PY, Hellmuth J, Kelly JD, Martin JN, Anderson MS, Deeks SG, Henrich TJ, DeRisi JL, Peluso MJ. PMID: 36798288; PMCID: PMC9934805.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions:
    2. Chronic viral coinfections differentially affect the likelihood of developing long COVID. J Clin Invest. 2023 02 01; 133(3). Peluso MJ, Deveau TM, Munter SE, Ryder D, Buck A, Beck-Engeser G, Chan F, Lu S, Goldberg SA, Hoh R, Tai V, Torres L, Iyer NS, Deswal M, Ngo LH, Buitrago M, Rodriguez A, Chen JY, Yee BC, Chenna A, Winslow JW, Petropoulos CJ, Deitchman AN, Hellmuth J, Spinelli MA, Durstenfeld MS, Hsue PY, Kelly JD, Martin JN, Deeks SG, Hunt PW, Henrich TJ. PMID: 36454631; PMCID: PMC9888380.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 10     Fields:    Translation:HumansCells
    3. Impact of Pre-Existing Chronic Viral Infection and Reactivation on the Development of Long COVID. medRxiv. 2022 Jul 22. Peluso MJ, Deveau TM, Munter SE, Ryder D, Buck A, Beck-Engeser G, Chan F, Lu S, Goldberg SA, Hoh R, Tai V, Torres L, Iyer NS, Deswal M, Ngo LH, Buitrago M, Rodriguez A, Chen JY, Yee BC, Chenna A, Winslow JW, Petropoulos CJ, Deitchman AN, Hellmuth J, Spinelli MA, Durstenfeld MS, Hsue PY, Kelly JD, Martin JN, Deeks SG, Hunt PW, Henrich TJ. PMID: 35898346; PMCID: PMC9327632.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions:
    4. Plasma Markers of Neurologic Injury and Inflammation in People With Self-Reported Neurologic Postacute Sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 Infection. Neurol Neuroimmunol Neuroinflamm. 2022 09; 9(5). Peluso MJ, Sans HM, Forman CA, Nylander AN, Ho HE, Lu S, Goldberg SA, Hoh R, Tai V, Munter SE, Chenna A, Yee BC, Winslow JW, Petropoulos CJ, Martin JN, Kelly JD, Durstenfeld MS, Hsue PY, Hunt PW, Greene M, Chow FC, Hellmuth J, Henrich TJ, Glidden DV, Deeks SG. PMID: 35701186; PMCID: PMC9210548.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 9     Fields:    Translation:HumansCells
    5. Risk factors and abnormal cerebrospinal fluid associate with cognitive symptoms after mild COVID-19. Ann Clin Transl Neurol. 2022 02; 9(2):221-226. Apple AC, Oddi A, Peluso MJ, Asken BM, Henrich TJ, Kelly JD, Pleasure SJ, Deeks SG, Allen IE, Martin JN, Ndhlovu LC, Miller BL, Stephens ML, Hellmuth J. PMID: 35043593; PMCID: PMC8862406.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 20     Fields:    Translation:HumansCells
    6. Central Nervous System Effects of COVID-19 in People with HIV Infection. Curr HIV/AIDS Rep. 2021 12; 18(6):538-548. Peluso MJ, Hellmuth J, Chow FC. PMID: 34843065; PMCID: PMC8628487.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 1     Fields:    Translation:HumansCellsPHPublic Health
    7. Cognitive trajectories after treatment in acute HIV infection. AIDS. 2021 05 01; 35(6):883-888. Chan P, Kerr SJ, Kroon E, Colby D, Sacdalan C, Hellmuth J, Reiss P, Vasan S, Ananworanich J, Valcour V, Spudich S, Paul R, RV254/SEARCH 010 Research Team. PMID: 33534200.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 7     Fields:    Translation:HumansCells
    8. Persistent COVID-19-associated neurocognitive symptoms in non-hospitalized patients. J Neurovirol. 2021 02; 27(1):191-195. Hellmuth J, Barnett TA, Asken BM, Kelly JD, Torres L, Stephens ML, Greenhouse B, Martin JN, Chow FC, Deeks SG, Greene M, Miller BL, Annan W, Henrich TJ, Peluso MJ. PMID: 33528824; PMCID: PMC7852463.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 46     Fields:    Translation:HumansCells
    9. Rates of amyloid PET positivity in geriatric HIV. Alzheimer's & Dementia. 2020 Dec 7; 16(S5). Milanini MB, Javandel JS, Hillis HM, Chen CK, Hellmuth HJ, Paul PR, Pohl PK, Valcour VV. .
      View in: Publisher Site   Mentions:
    10. Central nervous system safety during brief analytic treatment interruption of antiretroviral therapy within four HIV remission trials: an observational study in acutely treated people living with HIV. Clinical Infectious Diseases. 2020. Hellmuth J, Muccini C, Colby DJ, Kroon E, de Souza M, Crowell TA, Chan P, Sacdalan C, Intasan J, Benjapornpong K, Tipsuk S, Puttamaswin S, Chomchey N, Valcour V, Sarnecki M, Tomaka F, Krebs SJ, Slike BM, Jagodzinski L, Dumrongpisutikul N, Sailasuta N, Samboju V, Michael NL, Robb ML, Vasan S, Ananworanich J, Phanuphak P, Phanuphak N, Paul R, Spudich S, on behalf of the SEARCH 010/RV254 Study Group. View Publication.
    11. Can we trust The End of Alzheimer's?. Lancet Neurology. 2020; 5(19):389-390. Hellmuth J. . View Publication.
    12. Bilateral basal ganglia infarcts presenting as rapid onset cognitive and behavioral disturbance. Neurocase. 2020 04; 26(2):115-119. Hellmuth J, Casaletto K, Cuneo R, Possin KL, Dillon W, Geschwind MD. PMID: 32046584; PMCID: PMC7377550.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions:    Fields:    Translation:Humans
    13. Plasma inflammatory biomarkers link to diffusion tensor imaging metrics in virally suppressed HIV-infected individuals. AIDS. 2020 02 01; 34(2):203-213. Chang K, Premeaux TA, Cobigo Y, Milanini B, Hellmuth J, Rubin LH, Javandel S, Allen I, Ndhlovu LC, Paul R, Valcour V. PMID: 31634200; PMCID: PMC6933087.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 13     Fields:    Translation:Humans
    14. Resting-state neural signatures of depressive symptoms in acute HIV. J Neurovirol. 2020 04; 26(2):226-240. Philippi CL, Reyna L, Nedderman L, Chan P, Samboju V, Chang K, Phanuphak N, Ratnaratorn N, Hellmuth J, Benjapornpong K, Dumrongpisutikul N, Pothisri M, Robb ML, Ananworanich J, Spudich S, Valcour V, Paul R, SEARCH 010/RV254 and RV304/SEARCH 013 study teams. PMID: 31989446; PMCID: PMC7261250.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 3     Fields:    Translation:HumansCTClinical Trials
    15. Very Early Initiation of Antiretroviral Therapy During Acute HIV Infection Is Associated With Normalized Levels of Immune Activation Markers in Cerebrospinal Fluid but Not in Plasma. J Infect Dis. 2019 11 06; 220(12):1885-1891. Hellmuth J, Slike BM, Sacdalan C, Best J, Kroon E, Phanuphak N, Fletcher JLK, Prueksakaew P, Jagodzinski LL, Valcour V, Robb M, Ananworanich J, Allen IE, Krebs SJ, Spudich S. PMID: 30668739; PMCID: PMC6833977.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 29     Fields:    Translation:HumansCells
    16. Deep Sequencing Reveals Central Nervous System Compartmentalization in Multiple Transmitted/Founder Virus Acute HIV-1 Infection. Cells. 2019 08 15; 8(8). Tovanabutra S, Sirijatuphat R, Pham PT, Bonar L, Harbolick EA, Bose M, Song H, Chang D, Oropeza C, O'Sullivan AM, Balinang J, Kroon E, Colby DJ, Sacdalan C, Hellmuth J, Chan P, Prueksakaew P, Pinyakorn S, Jagodzinski LL, Sutthichom D, Pattamaswin S, de Souza M, Gramzinski RA, Kim JH, Michael NL, Robb ML, Phanuphak N, Ananworanich J, Valcour V, Kijak GH, Sanders-Buell E, Spudich S, MHRP Viral Sequencing Core, RV254/SEARCH 010 Study Team. PMID: 31443253; PMCID: PMC6721674.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 9     Fields:    Translation:HumansCells
    17. Longitudinal brain atrophy patterns and neuropsychological performance in older adults with HIV-associated neurocognitive disorder compared with early Alzheimer's disease. Neurobiol Aging. 2019 10; 82:69-76. Milanini B, Samboju V, Cobigo Y, Paul R, Javandel S, Hellmuth J, Allen I, Miller B, Valcour V. PMID: 31425903; PMCID: PMC6823146.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 14     Fields:    Translation:Humans
    18. Dietary Supplements for Brain Health-Reply. JAMA. 2019 06 25; 321(24):2467-2468. Hellmuth J, Rabinovici GD, Miller BL. PMID: 31237635.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions:    Fields:    Translation:Humans
    19. The Rise of Pseudomedicine for Dementia and Brain Health. JAMA. 2019; 6(321):543-544. Hellmuth J, Rabinovici GD, Miller, BL. View Publication.
    20. Abnormal Cerebral Perfusion Profile in Older Adults with HIV-Associated Neurocognitive Disorder: Discriminative Power of Arterial Spin-Labeling. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 2018 12; 39(12):2211-2217. Narvid J, McCoy D, Dupont SM, Callen A, Tosun D, Hellmuth J, Valcour V. PMID: 30467218; PMCID: PMC6748330.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 3     Fields:    Translation:Humans
    21. A neuropathologic diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease in an older adult with HIV-associated neurocognitive disorder. Neurocase. 2018 08; 24(4):213-219. Hellmuth J, Milanini B, Masliah E, Tartaglia MC, Dunlop MB, Moore DJ, Javandel S, DeVaughn S, Valcour V. PMID: 30304986; PMCID: PMC6226354.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 8     Fields:    Translation:Humans
    22. Distribution of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Ribonucleic Acid in Cerebrospinal Fluid and Blood Is Linked to CD4/CD8 Ratio During Acute HIV. J Infect Dis. 2018 08 14; 218(6):937-945. Chan P, Patel P, Hellmuth J, Colby DJ, Kroon E, Sacdalan C, Pinyakorn S, Jagodzinski L, Krebs S, Ananworanich J, Valcour V, Spudich S, RV254/SEARCH 010 Study Team. PMID: 29741638; PMCID: PMC6093332.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 9     Fields:    Translation:HumansCells
    23. Structural and functional brain imaging in acute HIV. Neuroimage Clin. 2018; 20:327-335. Samboju V, Philippi CL, Chan P, Cobigo Y, Fletcher JLK, Robb M, Hellmuth J, Benjapornpong K, Dumrongpisutikul N, Pothisri M, Paul R, Ananworanich J, Spudich S, Valcour V, SEARCH 010/RV254, RV304 protocol teams. PMID: 30101063; PMCID: PMC6082997.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 20     Fields:    Translation:Humans
    24. Safety of lumbar puncture procedure in an international research setting during acute HIV infection. J Virus Erad. 2018 Jan 01; 4(1):16-20. Chan P, Hellmuth J, Colby D, Kroon E, Sacdalan C, Fletcher J, Patel P, Pinyakorn S, Valcour V, Ananworanich J, Spudich S. PMID: 29568548; PMCID: PMC5851179.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 4  
    25. Depression and Anxiety are Common in Acute HIV Infection and Associate with Plasma Immune Activation. AIDS Behav. 2017 Nov; 21(11):3238-3246. Hellmuth J, Colby D, Valcour V, Suttichom D, Spudich S, Ananworanich J, Prueksakaew P, Sailasuta N, Allen I, Jagodzinski LL, Slike B, Ochi D, Paul R, RV254/SEARCH 010 Study Group. PMID: 28484888; PMCID: PMC5830305.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 27     Fields:    Translation:Humans
    26. Progressive Brain Atrophy Despite Persistent Viral Suppression in HIV Patients Older Than 60 Years. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr. 2017 11 01; 76(3):289-297. Clifford KM, Samboju V, Cobigo Y, Milanini B, Marx GA, Hellmuth JM, Rosen HJ, Kramer JH, Allen IE, Valcour VG. PMID: 28650401; PMCID: PMC5634906.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 37     Fields:    Translation:Humans
    27. High Number of Activated CD8+ T Cells Targeting HIV Antigens Are Present in Cerebrospinal Fluid in Acute HIV Infection. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr. 2017 05 01; 75(1):108-117. Kessing CF, Spudich S, Valcour V, Cartwright P, Chalermchai T, Fletcher JL, Takata H, Nichols C, Josey BJ, Slike B, Krebs SJ, Sailsuta N, Lerdlum S, Jagodzinski L, Tipsuk S, Suttichom D, Rattanamanee S, Zetterberg H, Hellmuth J, Phanuphak N, Robb ML, Michael NL, Ananworanich J, Trautmann L. PMID: 28177966; PMCID: PMC5388590.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 23     Fields:    Translation:HumansCells
    28. Immediate initiation of cART is associated with lower levels of cerebrospinal fluid YKL-40, a marker of microglial activation, in HIV-1 infection. AIDS. 2017 01 14; 31(2):247-252. Peluso MJ, Valcour V, Phanuphak N, Ananworanich J, Fletcher JL, Chalermchai T, Krebs SJ, Robb ML, Hellmuth J, Gisslén M, Zetterberg H, Spudich S, RV254SEARCH 010, RV304SEARCH 013, and SEARCH 011 Study Teams. PMID: 27819802; PMCID: PMC5844231.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 11     Fields:    Translation:HumansPHPublic Health
    29. Neurologic signs and symptoms frequently manifest in acute HIV infection. Neurology. 2016 11 29; 87(22):2386. Kamtchum-Tatuene J, Wan Sulaiman WA, Lekoubou A, Hellmuth J, Valcour V, Spudich S. PMID: 27895248; PMCID: PMC5990312.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 1     Fields:    Translation:Humans
    30. Cognitive Impairment and Persistent CNS Injury in Treated HIV. Curr HIV/AIDS Rep. 2016 08; 13(4):209-17. Chan P, Hellmuth J, Spudich S, Valcour V. PMID: 27188299; PMCID: PMC4977199.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 19     Fields:    Translation:HumansCells
    31. 50LB Central nervous system impact of vorinostat, hydroxychloroquine and maraviroc combination therapy followed by treatment interruption in individuals treated during acute HIV infection. Journal of virus eradication. 2016 Jul 1; 2:27. Kroon KE, Ananworanich AJ, Le LL, Intasan IJ, Benjapornpong BK, Pinyakorn PS, Karnsomlap KP, Tipsuk TS, Rattanamanee RS, Hellmuth HJ, Eamyoung EP, Eubanks EK, Yang YH, Phanuphak PN, Souza SM, Valcour VV, Spudich SS, Groups GS. .
      View in: Publisher Site   Mentions:
    32. Neurologic signs and symptoms frequently manifest in acute HIV infection. Neurology. 2016 07 12; 87(2):148-54. Hellmuth J, Fletcher JL, Valcour V, Kroon E, Ananworanich J, Intasan J, Lerdlum S, Narvid J, Pothisri M, Allen I, Krebs SJ, Slike B, Prueksakaew P, Jagodzinski LL, Puttamaswin S, Phanuphak N, Spudich S, SEARCH 010/RV254 Study Group. PMID: 27287217; PMCID: PMC4940060.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 31     Fields:    Translation:Humans
    33. Neurological Response to cART vs. cART plus Integrase Inhibitor and CCR5 Antagonist Initiated during Acute HIV. PLoS One. 2015; 10(11):e0142600. Valcour VG, Spudich SS, Sailasuta N, Phanuphak N, Lerdlum S, Fletcher JL, Kroon ED, Jagodzinski LL, Allen IE, Adams CL, Prueksakaew P, Slike BM, Hellmuth JM, Kim JH, Ananworanich J, SEARCH 010/RV 254 Study Group. PMID: 26555069; PMCID: PMC4640512.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 13     Fields:    Translation:Humans
    34. CNS reservoirs for HIV: implications for eradication. J Virus Erad. 2015 Apr; 1(2):67-71. Hellmuth J, Valcour V, Spudich S. PMID: 26430703; PMCID: PMC4586130.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 48  
    35. Interactions between ageing and NeuroAIDS. Curr Opin HIV AIDS. 2014 Nov; 9(6):527-32. Hellmuth J, Milanini B, Valcour V. PMID: 25203641; PMCID: PMC4296966.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 13     Fields:    Translation:Humans
    36. Multicenter validation of a bedside antisaccade task as a measure of executive function. Neurology. 2012 Jun 05; 78(23):1824-31. Hellmuth J, Mirsky J, Heuer HW, Matlin A, Jafari A, Garbutt S, Widmeyer M, Berhel A, Sinha L, Miller BL, Kramer JH, Boxer AL. PMID: 22573640; PMCID: PMC3369520.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 23     Fields:    Translation:Humans
    37. Saccade abnormalities in autopsy-confirmed frontotemporal lobar degeneration and Alzheimer disease. Arch Neurol. 2012 Apr; 69(4):509-17. Boxer AL, Garbutt S, Seeley WW, Jafari A, Heuer HW, Mirsky J, Hellmuth J, Trojanowski JQ, Huang E, DeArmond S, Neuhaus J, Miller BL. PMID: 22491196; PMCID: PMC3423186.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 39     Fields:    Translation:Humans
    38. P3-005: The antisaccade task is sensitive to attention network integrity in normal elderly and dementia. Alzheimer's & Dementia. 2008 Jul 1; 4(4):t517-t518. Boxer BA, Matlin MA, Handwerker HD, Garbutt GS, Hellmuth HJ, Schenk SA, Brambati BS, Gorno-Tempini GM, Lisberger LS, Miller MB, Henry HR. .
      View in: Publisher Site   Mentions:
    39. Oculomotor function in frontotemporal lobar degeneration, related disorders and Alzheimer's disease. Brain. 2008 May; 131(Pt 5):1268-81. Garbutt S, Matlin A, Hellmuth J, Schenk AK, Johnson JK, Rosen H, Dean D, Kramer J, Neuhaus J, Miller BL, Lisberger SG, Boxer AL. PMID: 18362099; PMCID: PMC2367697.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 71     Fields:    Translation:Humans
    40. Essential function of HIPK2 in TGFbeta-dependent survival of midbrain dopamine neurons. Nat Neurosci. 2007 Jan; 10(1):77-86. Zhang J, Pho V, Bonasera SJ, Holtzman J, Tang AT, Hellmuth J, Tang S, Janak PH, Tecott LH, Huang EJ. PMID: 17159989; PMCID: PMC3578579.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 62     Fields:    Translation:AnimalsCells
    41. Medial versus lateral frontal lobe contributions to voluntary saccade control as revealed by the study of patients with frontal lobe degeneration. J Neurosci. 2006 Jun 07; 26(23):6354-63. Boxer AL, Garbutt S, Rankin KP, Hellmuth J, Neuhaus J, Miller BL, Lisberger SG. PMID: 16763044; PMCID: PMC2551317.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 49     Fields:    Translation:Humans
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