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Roberta Keller, MD

Title(s)Professor, Pediatrics
SchoolSchool of Medicine
Phone415-476-1888
ORCID ORCID Icon0000-0003-0743-8470 Additional info
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    Collapse Biography 
    Collapse Education and Training
    University of California, San FranciscoFellowship2002Neonatal-Perinatal Medicince
    UCSF Cardiovascular Research Institute2002Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine
    University of California, San Francisco Residency 1996School of Medicine
    University of California, San FranciscoM.D.1993 Medicine
    Collapse Awards and Honors
    Alpha Omega Alpha Honor Medical Society, UCSF chapter2017  - nowAlumni Member
    Top Doctor2015  - nowSan Francisco Magazine
    UCSF Department of Pediatrics Fellowship and Leadership Advocacy Group Leadership Award2015Nominee
    UCSF Department of Pediatrics Fellowship and Leadership Advocacy Group Mentorship Award2014Nominee
    UCSF Training in Clinical Research Advising Award2014Nominee
    American Pediatric Society2013  - nowMember
    UCSF T1 Translational Catalyst Award Program2012Consultation Award
    Top Doctor2012  - nowCastle Connolly
    UCSF2009Academic Senate Travel Grant
    Western Society for Pediatric Research2009Mead Johnson Travel Award Winner
    Perinatal Research Society2007NIH/NICHD Young Investigator
    The Ivan Gold and Trudi Morrison Volunteer Leadership Award2007Ronald McDonald House
    Society for Pediatric Research2006  - nowMember
    NHLBI2005  - 2010K23 Career Development Award
    UCSF Roadmap K12 Clinical Research Development Award2005NIH Multidisciplinary Clinical Research Scholar
    Pulmonary Hypertension Association2005  - 2010Supplemental Career Development Award
    Western Society for Pediatric Research2004  - nowMember

    Collapse Overview 
    Collapse Overview
    My research program is in developmental lung disease. I am interested in the evaluation of prognostic factors, biomarkers and consequences of lung disease related to extreme prematurity or birth defects (specifically, congenital diaphragmatic hernia).

    Collapse Research 
    Collapse Research Activities and Funding
    UCSF Clinical Research Center for Prematurity and Respiratory Outcomes Program
    NIH/NHLBI U01HL101798May 1, 2010 - Apr 30, 2015
    Role: Principal Investigator
    Chronic Sildenafil for Severe Diaphragmatic Hernia
    NIH/NHLBI K23HL079922Sep 29, 2005 - Jun 30, 2011
    Role: Principal Investigator

    Collapse ORNG Applications 
    Collapse Clinical Trials
    Collapse Websites
    Collapse In The News
    Collapse Faculty Mentoring
    Collapse Twitter

    Collapse Bibliographic 
    Collapse Publications
    Publications listed below are automatically derived from MEDLINE/PubMed and other sources, which might result in incorrect or missing publications. Researchers can login to make corrections and additions, or contact us for help.
    List All   |   Timeline
    1. Greenberg JM, Poindexter BB, Shaw PA, Bellamy SL, Keller RL, Moore PE, McPherson C, Ryan RM. Respiratory medication use in extremely premature (<29 weeks) infants during initial NICU hospitalization: Results from the prematurity and respiratory outcomes program. Pediatr Pulmonol. 2019 Dec 03. PMID: 31794157.
      View in: PubMed
    2. Steurer MA, Peyvandi S, Baer RJ, Oltman SP, Chambers CD, Norton ME, Ryckman KK, Moon-Grady AJ, Keller RL, Shiboski SC, Jelliffe-Pawlowski LL. Impaired Fetal Environment and Gestational Age: What Is Driving Mortality in Neonates With Critical Congenital Heart Disease? J Am Heart Assoc. 2019 Nov 19; 8(22):e013194. PMID: 31726960.
      View in: PubMed
    3. Levy PT, Jain A, Nawaytou H, Teitel D, Keller R, Fineman J, Steinhorn R, Abman SH, McNamara PJ. Risk Assessment and Monitoring of Chronic Pulmonary Hypertension in Premature Infants. J Pediatr. 2019 Nov 14. PMID: 31735418.
      View in: PubMed
    4. Steurer MA, Baer RJ, Oltman S, Ryckman KK, Feuer SK, Rogers E, Keller RL, Jelliffe-Pawlowski LL. Morbidity of Persistent Pulmonary Hypertension of the Newborn in the First Year of Life. J Pediatr. 2019 Oct; 213:58-65.e4. PMID: 31399244.
      View in: PubMed
    5. Levy PT, Keller RL. Pulmonary Vascular Disease in Premature Infants. Early Predictive Models of Late Respiratory Morbidity. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2019 Apr 15; 199(8):943-944. PMID: 30395723.
      View in: PubMed
    6. Steurer MA, Nawaytou H, Guslits E, Colglazier E, Teitel D, Fineman JR, Keller RL. Mortality in infants with bronchopulmonary dysplasia: Data from cardiac catheterization. Pediatr Pulmonol. 2019 Jun; 54(6):804-813. PMID: 30938937.
      View in: PubMed
    7. Ryan RM, Keller RL, Poindexter BB, D'Angio CT, Shaw PA, Bellamy SL, Moore PE, McPherson C, Greenberg JM. Respiratory Medications in Infants <29 Weeks during the First Year Postdischarge: The Prematurity and Respiratory Outcomes Program (PROP) Consortium. J Pediatr. 2019 May; 208:148-155.e3. PMID: 30857774.
      View in: PubMed
    8. Taglauer E, Abman SH, Keller RL. Recent advances in antenatal factors predisposing to bronchopulmonary dysplasia. Semin Perinatol. 2018 11; 42(7):413-424. PMID: 30389227.
      View in: PubMed
    9. Steurer MA, Baer RJ, Burke E, Peyvandi S, Oltman S, Chambers CD, Norton ME, Rand L, Rajagopal S, Ryckman KK, Feuer SK, Liang L, Paynter RA, McCarthy M, Moon-Grady AJ, Keller RL, Jelliffe-Pawlowski LL. Effect of Fetal Growth on 1-Year Mortality in Neonates With Critical Congenital Heart Disease. J Am Heart Assoc. 2018 09 04; 7(17):e009693. PMID: 30371167.
      View in: PubMed
    10. Torgerson DG, Ballard PL, Keller RL, Oh SS, Huntsman S, Hu D, Eng C, Burchard EG, Ballard RA. Ancestry and genetic associations with bronchopulmonary dysplasia in preterm infants. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol. 2018 11 01; 315(5):L858-L869. PMID: 30113228.
      View in: PubMed
    11. Ballard PL, Keller RL, Truog WE, Chapin C, Horneman H, Segal MR, Ballard RA. Surfactant status and respiratory outcome in premature infants receiving late surfactant treatment. Pediatr Res. 2019 Feb; 85(3):305-311. PMID: 30140069.
      View in: PubMed
    12. Balkin EM, Zinter MS, Rajagopal SK, Keller RL, Fineman JR, Steurer MA. Intensive Care Mortality Prognostic Model for Pediatric Pulmonary Hypertension. Pediatr Crit Care Med. 2018 08; 19(8):733-740. PMID: 29923941.
      View in: PubMed
    13. Ballard RA, Ballard PL, Askie LM, Schreiber MD, Hibbs AM, Torgerson DG, Keller RL. Reply. J Pediatr. 2018 10; 201:300-301. PMID: 30029868.
      View in: PubMed
    14. Steurer MA, Oltman S, Baer RJ, Feuer S, Liang L, Paynter RA, Rand L, Ryckman KK, Keller RL, Jelliffe-Pawlowski LL. Altered metabolites in newborns with persistent pulmonary hypertension. Pediatr Res. 2018 08; 84(2):272-278. PMID: 29895840.
      View in: PubMed
    15. Kinsella JP, Steinhorn RH, Mullen MP, Hopper RK, Keller RL, Ivy DD, Austin ED, Krishnan US, Rosenzweig EB, Fineman JR, Everett AD, Hanna BD, Humpl T, Raj JU, Abman SH. The Left Ventricle in Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia: Implications for the Management of Pulmonary Hypertension. J Pediatr. 2018 06; 197:17-22. PMID: 29628412.
      View in: PubMed
    16. Wai KC, Hibbs AM, Steurer MA, Black DM, Asselin JM, Eichenwald EC, Ballard PL, Ballard RA, Keller RL. Maternal Black Race and Persistent Wheezing Illness in Former Extremely Low Gestational Age Newborns: Secondary Analysis of a Randomized Trial. J Pediatr. 2018 07; 198:201-208.e3. PMID: 29627188.
      View in: PubMed
    17. Sperling JD, Sparks TN, Berger VK, Farrell JA, Gosnell K, Keller RL, Norton ME, Gonzalez JM. Prenatal Diagnosis of Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia: Does Laterality Predict Perinatal Outcomes? Am J Perinatol. 2018 08; 35(10):919-924. PMID: 29304545.
      View in: PubMed
    18. Balkin EM, Steurer MA, Delagnes EA, Zinter MS, Rajagopal S, Keller RL, Fineman JR. Multicenter mortality and morbidity associated with pulmonary hypertension in the pediatric intensive care unit. Pulm Circ. 2018 Jan-Mar; 8(1):2045893217745785. PMID: 29251545.
      View in: PubMed
    19. Black SM, Field-Ridley A, Sharma S, Kumar S, Keller RL, Kameny R, Maltepe E, Datar SA, Fineman JR. Altered Carnitine Homeostasis in Children With Increased Pulmonary Blood Flow Due to Ventricular Septal Defects. Pediatr Crit Care Med. 2017 Oct; 18(10):931-934. PMID: 28723882.
      View in: PubMed
    20. Steurer MA, Baer RJ, Keller RL, Oltman S, Chambers CD, Norton ME, Peyvandi S, Rand L, Rajagopal S, Ryckman KK, Moon-Grady AJ, Jelliffe-Pawlowski LL. Gestational Age and Outcomes in Critical Congenital Heart Disease. Pediatrics. 2017 Oct; 140(4). PMID: 28885171.
      View in: PubMed
    21. Krishnan U, Feinstein JA, Adatia I, Austin ED, Mullen MP, Hopper RK, Hanna B, Romer L, Keller RL, Fineman J, Steinhorn R, Kinsella JP, Ivy DD, Rosenzweig EB, Raj U, Humpl T, Abman SH. Evaluation and Management of Pulmonary Hypertension in Children with Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia. J Pediatr. 2017 09; 188:24-34.e1. PMID: 28645441.
      View in: PubMed
    22. Keller RL, Ballard RA. Reply. J Pediatr. 2017 10; 189:241-242. PMID: 28625499.
      View in: PubMed
    23. Keller RL, Feng R, DeMauro SB, Ferkol T, Hardie W, Rogers EE, Stevens TP, Voynow JA, Bellamy SL, Shaw PA, Moore PE. Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia and Perinatal Characteristics Predict 1-Year Respiratory Outcomes in Newborns Born at Extremely Low Gestational Age: A Prospective Cohort Study. J Pediatr. 2017 08; 187:89-97.e3. PMID: 28528221.
      View in: PubMed
    24. Keller RL, Eichenwald EC, Hibbs AM, Rogers EE, Wai KC, Black DM, Ballard PL, Asselin JM, Truog WE, Merrill JD, Mammel MC, Steinhorn RH, Ryan RM, Durand DJ, Bendel CM, Bendel-Stenzel EM, Courtney SE, Dhanireddy R, Hudak ML, Koch FR, Mayock DE, McKay VJ, Helderman J, Porta NF, Wadhawan R, Palermo L, Ballard RA. The Randomized, Controlled Trial of Late Surfactant: Effects on Respiratory Outcomes at 1-Year Corrected Age. J Pediatr. 2017 04; 183:19-25.e2. PMID: 28100402.
      View in: PubMed
    25. Wai KC, Keller RL, Lusk LA, Ballard RA, Chan DK. Characteristics of Extremely Low Gestational Age Newborns Undergoing Tracheotomy: A Secondary Analysis of the Trial of Late Surfactant Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2017 01 01; 143(1):13-19. PMID: 27583380.
      View in: PubMed
    26. Steurer MA, Jelliffe-Pawlowski LL, Baer RJ, Partridge JC, Rogers EE, Keller RL. Persistent Pulmonary Hypertension of the Newborn in Late Preterm and Term Infants in California. Pediatrics. 2017 01; 139(1). PMID: 27940508.
      View in: PubMed
    27. Basta AM, Lusk LA, Keller RL, Filly RA. Spleen Behind the Heart Complicates Lung-to-Head Ratio Measurement in Left-Sided Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia. J Ultrasound Med. 2016 Dec; 35(12):2717-2721. PMID: 27872422.
      View in: PubMed
    28. Wai KC, Kohn MA, Ballard RA, Truog WE, Black DM, Asselin JM, Ballard PL, Rogers EE, Keller RL. Early Cumulative Supplemental Oxygen Predicts Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia in High Risk Extremely Low Gestational Age Newborns. J Pediatr. 2016 Oct; 177:97-102.e2. PMID: 27470692.
      View in: PubMed
    29. Keller RL. Pulmonary Hypertension and Pulmonary Vasodilators. Clin Perinatol. 2016 Mar; 43(1):187-202. PMID: 26876130.
      View in: PubMed
    30. Balkin EM, Olson ED, Robertson L, Adatia I, Fineman JR, Keller RL. Change in Pediatric Functional Classification During Treatment and Morbidity and Mortality in Children with Pulmonary Hypertension. Pediatr Cardiol. 2016 Apr; 37(4):756-64. PMID: 26843461.
      View in: PubMed
    31. Kinsella JP, Steinhorn RH, Krishnan US, Feinstein JA, Adatia I, Austin ED, Rosenzweig EB, Everett AD, Fineman JR, Hanna BD, Hopper RK, Humpl T, Ivy DD, Keller RL, Mullen MP, Raj JU, Wessel DL, Abman SH. Recommendations for the Use of Inhaled Nitric Oxide Therapy in Premature Newborns with Severe Pulmonary Hypertension. J Pediatr. 2016 Mar; 170:312-4. PMID: 26703869.
      View in: PubMed
    32. Derderian SC, Jayme CM, Cheng LS, Keller RL, Moon-Grady AJ, MacKenzie TC. Mass Effect Alone May Not Explain Pulmonary Vascular Pathology in Severe Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia. Fetal Diagn Ther. 2016; 39(2):117-24. PMID: 26667230.
      View in: PubMed
    33. Basta AM, Lusk LA, Keller RL, Filly RA. Fetal Stomach Position Predicts Neonatal Outcomes in Isolated Left-Sided Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia. Fetal Diagn Ther. 2016; 39(4):248-55. PMID: 26562540.
      View in: PubMed
    34. Byrne FA, Keller RL, Meadows J, Miniati D, Brook MM, Silverman NH, Moon-Grady AJ. Severe left diaphragmatic hernia limits size of fetal left heart more than does right diaphragmatic hernia. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol. 2015 Dec; 46(6):688-94. PMID: 25597867.
      View in: PubMed
    35. Abman SH, Hansmann G, Archer SL, Ivy DD, Adatia I, Chung WK, Hanna BD, Rosenzweig EB, Raj JU, Cornfield D, Stenmark KR, Steinhorn R, Thébaud B, Fineman JR, Kuehne T, Feinstein JA, Friedberg MK, Earing M, Barst RJ, Keller RL, Kinsella JP, Mullen M, Deterding R, Kulik T, Mallory G, Humpl T, Wessel DL. Pediatric Pulmonary Hypertension: Guidelines From the American Heart Association and American Thoracic Society. Circulation. 2015 Nov 24; 132(21):2037-99. PMID: 26534956.
      View in: PubMed
    36. Ballard RA, Keller RL, Black DM, Ballard PL, Merrill JD, Eichenwald EC, Truog WE, Mammel MC, Steinhorn RH, Rogers EE, Ryan RM, Durand DJ, Asselin JM, Bendel CM, Bendel-Stenzel EM, Courtney SE, Dhanireddy R, Hudak ML, Koch FR, Mayock DE, McKay VJ, O'Shea TM, Porta NF, Wadhawan R, Palermo L. Randomized Trial of Late Surfactant Treatment in Ventilated Preterm Infants Receiving Inhaled Nitric Oxide. J Pediatr. 2016 Jan; 168:23-9.e4. PMID: 26500107.
      View in: PubMed
    37. Islam JY, Keller RL, Aschner JL, Hartert TV, Moore PE. Understanding the Short- and Long-Term Respiratory Outcomes of Prematurity and Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2015 Jul 15; 192(2):134-56. PMID: 26038806.
      View in: PubMed
    38. Olson E, Lusk LA, Fineman JR, Robertson L, Keller RL. Short-Term Treprostinil Use in Infants with Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia following Repair. J Pediatr. 2015 Sep; 167(3):762-4. PMID: 26143384.
      View in: PubMed
    39. Lusk LA, Wai KC, Moon-Grady AJ, Basta AM, Filly R, Keller RL. Fetal ultrasound markers of severity predict resolution of pulmonary hypertension in congenital diaphragmatic hernia. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2015 Aug; 213(2):216.e1-8. PMID: 25797231.
      View in: PubMed
    40. Lusk LA, Wai KC, Moon-Grady AJ, Steurer MA, Keller RL. Persistence of pulmonary hypertension by echocardiography predicts short-term outcomes in congenital diaphragmatic hernia. J Pediatr. 2015 Feb; 166(2):251-6.e1. PMID: 25453248.
      View in: PubMed
    41. Lusk LA, Brown EG, Overcash RT, Grogan TR, Keller RL, Kim JH, Poulain FR, Shew SB, Uy C, DeUgarte DA. Multi-institutional practice patterns and outcomes in uncomplicated gastroschisis: a report from the University of California Fetal Consortium (UCfC). J Pediatr Surg. 2014 Dec; 49(12):1782-6. PMID: 25487483.
      View in: PubMed
    42. Derderian SC, Jeanty C, Fleck SR, Cheng LS, Peyvandi S, Moon-Grady AJ, Farrell J, Hirose S, Gonzalez J, Keller RL, MacKenzie TC. The many faces of hydrops. J Pediatr Surg. 2015 Jan; 50(1):50-4; discussion 54. PMID: 25598092.
      View in: PubMed
    43. Steurer MA, Moon-Grady AJ, Fineman JR, Sun CE, Lusk LA, Wai KC, Keller RL. B-type natriuretic peptide: prognostic marker in congenital diaphragmatic hernia. Pediatr Res. 2014 Dec; 76(6):549-54. PMID: 25188741.
      View in: PubMed
    44. Guay-Woodford LM, Bissler JJ, Braun MC, Bockenhauer D, Cadnapaphornchai MA, Dell KM, Kerecuk L, Liebau MC, Alonso-Peclet MH, Shneider B, Emre S, Heller T, Kamath BM, Murray KF, Moise K, Eichenwald EE, Evans J, Keller RL, Wilkins-Haug L, Bergmann C, Gunay-Aygun M, Hooper SR, Hardy KK, Hartung EA, Streisand R, Perrone R, Moxey-Mims M. Consensus expert recommendations for the diagnosis and management of autosomal recessive polycystic kidney disease: report of an international conference. J Pediatr. 2014 Sep; 165(3):611-7. PMID: 25015577.
      View in: PubMed
    45. Ballard PL, Keller RL, Black DM, Durand DJ, Merrill JD, Eichenwald EC, Truog WE, Mammel MC, Steinhorn R, Ryan RM, Courtney SE, Horneman H, Ballard RA. Inhaled nitric oxide increases urinary nitric oxide metabolites and cyclic guanosine monophosphate in premature infants: relationship to pulmonary outcome. Am J Perinatol. 2015 Feb; 32(3):225-32. PMID: 24968129.
      View in: PubMed
    46. Derderian SC, Trivedi S, Farrell J, Keller RL, Rand L, Goldstein R, Feldstein VA, Hirose S, MacKenzie TC. Outcomes of fetal intervention for primary hydrothorax. J Pediatr Surg. 2014 Jun; 49(6):900-3; discussion 903-4. PMID: 24888831.
      View in: PubMed
    47. Rocha LA, Byrne FA, Keller RL, Miniati D, Brook MM, Silverman NH, Moon-Grady AJ. Left heart structures in human neonates with congenital diaphragmatic hernia and the effect of fetal endoscopic tracheal occlusion. Fetal Diagn Ther. 2014; 35(1):36-43. PMID: 24356206.
      View in: PubMed
    48. Keller RL, Steinhorn RH. Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation in resource-limited countries. Pediatr Crit Care Med. 2013 Nov; 14(9):900-2. PMID: 24226558.
      View in: PubMed
    49. Radman M, Keller RL, Oishi P, Datar SA, Wellnitz K, Azakie A, Hanley F, Char D, Hsu JH, Amrinovin R, Adatia I, Fineman JR. Preoperative B-type natriuretic peptide levels are associated with outcome after total cavopulmonary connection (Fontan). J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 2014 Jul; 148(1):212-9. PMID: 24079880.
      View in: PubMed
    50. Oishi PE, Klein OD, Keller RL. Developing physician-scientists in the fields of neonatology and pediatric critical care medicine: an effort to formulate a departmental policy. J Pediatr. 2013 Sep; 163(3):616-7.e1. PMID: 23973233.
      View in: PubMed
    51. Fleck S, Bautista G, Keating SM, Lee TH, Keller RL, Moon-Grady AJ, Gonzales K, Norris PJ, Busch MP, Kim CJ, Romero R, Lee H, Miniati D, MacKenzie TC. Fetal production of growth factors and inflammatory mediators predicts pulmonary hypertension in congenital diaphragmatic hernia. Pediatr Res. 2013 Sep; 74(3):290-8. PMID: 23770923.
      View in: PubMed
    52. Amirnovin R, Oishi P, Fineman JR, Keller RL. Reply to the editor. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 2013 May; 145(5):1416. PMID: 23597627.
      View in: PubMed
    53. Radman M, Mack R, Barnoya J, Castañeda A, Rosales M, Azakie A, Mehta N, Keller R, Datar S, Oishi P, Fineman J. The effect of preoperative nutritional status on postoperative outcomes in children undergoing surgery for congenital heart defects in San Francisco (UCSF) and Guatemala City (UNICAR). J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 2014 Jan; 147(1):442-50. PMID: 23583172.
      View in: PubMed
    54. Keller RL, Merrill JD, Black DM, Steinhorn RH, Eichenwald EC, Durand DJ, Ryan RM, Truog WE, Courtney SE, Ballard PL, Ballard RA. Late administration of surfactant replacement therapy increases surfactant protein-B content: a randomized pilot study. Pediatr Res. 2012 Dec; 72(6):613-9. PMID: 23037875.
      View in: PubMed
    55. Field-Ridley A, Heljasvaara R, Pihlajaniemi T, Adatia I, Sun C, Keller RL, Gong WH, Datar S, Oishi P, Fineman JR. Endostatin, an inhibitor of angiogenesis, decreases after bidirectional superior cavopulmonary anastamosis. Pediatr Cardiol. 2013 Feb; 34(2):291-5. PMID: 22961274.
      View in: PubMed
    56. Amirnovin R, Keller RL, Herrera C, Hsu JH, Datar S, Karl TR, Adatia I, Oishi P, Fineman JR. B-type natriuretic peptide levels predict outcomes in infants undergoing cardiac surgery in a lesion-dependent fashion. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 2013 May; 145(5):1279-87. PMID: 22914252.
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    57. Oishi PE, Keller RL. When persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn persists. Pediatr Crit Care Med. 2012 Mar; 13(2):224-5. PMID: 22391834.
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    58. Jancelewicz T, Vu LT, Keller RL, Jelin EB, Bratton BJ, Townsend TC, Nobuhara KK. Outcomes of multigestational pregnancies affected by congenital diaphragmatic hernia. J Pediatr Surg. 2010 Sep; 45(9):1753-8. PMID: 20850616.
      View in: PubMed
    59. Keller RL, Tacy TA, Hendricks-Munoz K, Xu J, Moon-Grady AJ, Neuhaus J, Moore P, Nobuhara KK, Hawgood S, Fineman JR. Congenital diaphragmatic hernia: endothelin-1, pulmonary hypertension, and disease severity. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2010 Aug 15; 182(4):555-61. PMID: 20413632.
      View in: PubMed
    60. Walsh MC, Hibbs AM, Martin CR, Cnaan A, Keller RL, Vittinghoff E, Martin RJ, Truog WE, Ballard PL, Zadell A, Wadlinger SR, Coburn CE, Ballard RA. Two-year neurodevelopmental outcomes of ventilated preterm infants treated with inhaled nitric oxide. J Pediatr. 2010 Apr; 156(4):556-61.e1. PMID: 20138299.
      View in: PubMed
    61. Jancelewicz T, Vu LT, Keller RL, Bratton B, Lee H, Farmer D, Harrison M, Miniati D, Mackenzie T, Hirose S, Nobuhara K. Long-term surgical outcomes in congenital diaphragmatic hernia: observations from a single institution. J Pediatr Surg. 2010 Jan; 45(1):155-60; discussion 160. PMID: 20105597.
      View in: PubMed
    62. Sherlock RL, McQuillen PS, Miller SP. Preventing brain injury in newborns with congenital heart disease: brain imaging and innovative trial designs. Stroke. 2009 Jan; 40(1):327-32. PMID: 18988911.
      View in: PubMed
    63. Grethel EJ, Farrell J, Ball RH, Keller RL, Goldstein RB, Lee H, Farmer DL, Harrison MR, Nobuhara KK. Does congenital diaphragmatic hernia associated with bronchopulmonary sequestration portend a better prognosis? Fetal Diagn Ther. 2008; 23(4):250-3. PMID: 18417988.
      View in: PubMed
    64. Hsu JH, Oishi PE, Keller RL, Chikovani O, Karl TR, Azakie A, Adatia I, Fineman JR. Perioperative B-type natriuretic peptide levels predict outcome after bidirectional cavopulmonary anastomosis and total cavopulmonary connection. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 2008 Apr; 135(4):746-53. PMID: 18374751.
      View in: PubMed
    65. Chikovani O, Hsu JH, Keller R, Karl TR, Azakie A, Adatia I, Oishi P, Fineman JR. B-type natriuretic peptide levels predict outcomes for children on extracorporeal life support after cardiac surgery. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 2007 Nov; 134(5):1179-87. PMID: 17976447.
      View in: PubMed
    66. Hsu JH, Keller RL, Chikovani O, Cheng H, Hollander SA, Karl TR, Azakie A, Adatia I, Oishi P, Fineman JR. B-type natriuretic peptide levels predict outcome after neonatal cardiac surgery. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 2007 Oct; 134(4):939-45. PMID: 17903511.
      View in: PubMed
    67. Jani J, Nicolaides KH, Keller RL, Benachi A, Peralta CF, Favre R, Moreno O, Tibboel D, Lipitz S, Eggink A, Vaast P, Allegaert K, Harrison M, Deprest J. Observed to expected lung area to head circumference ratio in the prediction of survival in fetuses with isolated diaphragmatic hernia. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol. 2007 Jul; 30(1):67-71. PMID: 17587219.
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    68. Yang SH, Nobuhara KK, Keller RL, Ball RH, Goldstein RB, Feldstein VA, Callen PW, Filly RA, Farmer DL, Harrison MR, Lee H. Reliability of the lung-to-head ratio as a predictor of outcome in fetuses with isolated left congenital diaphragmatic hernia at gestation outside 24-26 weeks. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2007 Jul; 197(1):30.e1-7. PMID: 17618746.
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    69. Keller RL. Antenatal and postnatal lung and vascular anatomic and functional studies in congenital diaphragmatic hernia: implications for clinical management. Am J Med Genet C Semin Med Genet. 2007 May 15; 145C(2):184-200. PMID: 17436304.
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    70. Keller RL, Moore P, Teitel D, Hawgood S, McQuitty J, Fineman JR. Abnormal vascular tone in infants and children with lung hypoplasia: Findings from cardiac catheterization and the response to chronic therapy. Pediatr Crit Care Med. 2006 Nov; 7(6):589-94. PMID: 17006391.
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    71. Jegatheesan P, Keller RL, Hawgood S. Early variable-flow nasal continuous positive airway pressure in infants < or =1000 grams at birth. J Perinatol. 2006 Mar; 26(3):189-96. PMID: 16453007.
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    72. Grethel EJ, Cortes RA, Wagner AJ, Clifton MS, Lee H, Farmer DL, Harrison MR, Keller RL, Nobuhara KK. Prosthetic patches for congenital diaphragmatic hernia repair: Surgisis vs Gore-Tex. J Pediatr Surg. 2006 Jan; 41(1):29-33; discussion 29-33. PMID: 16410103.
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    73. Jani J, Keller RL, Benachi A, Nicolaides KH, Favre R, Gratacos E, Laudy J, Eisenberg V, Eggink A, Vaast P, Deprest J. Prenatal prediction of survival in isolated left-sided diaphragmatic hernia. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol. 2006 Jan; 27(1):18-22. PMID: 16374756.
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    74. Keller RL, Tacy TA, Fields S, Ofenstein JP, Aranda JV, Clyman RI. Combined treatment with a nonselective nitric oxide synthase inhibitor (l-NMMA) and indomethacin increases ductus constriction in extremely premature newborns. Pediatr Res. 2005 Dec; 58(6):1216-21. PMID: 16306196.
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    75. Slavotinek AM, Schauer G, Machin G, Dasouki M, Rueda-Pedraza ME, Chiricosta F, Keller R. Fryns syndrome: report of eight new cases. Genet Med. 2005 Jan; 7(1):74-6. PMID: 15654233.
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    76. Cortes RA, Keller RL, Townsend T, Harrison MR, Farmer DL, Lee H, Piecuch RE, Leonard CH, Hetherton M, Bisgaard R, Nobuhara KK. Survival of severe congenital diaphragmatic hernia has morbid consequences. J Pediatr Surg. 2005 Jan; 40(1):36-45; discussion 45-6. PMID: 15868556.
      View in: PubMed
    77. Keller RL, Hawgood S, Neuhaus JM, Farmer DL, Lee H, Albanese CT, Harrison MR, Kitterman JA. Infant pulmonary function in a randomized trial of fetal tracheal occlusion for severe congenital diaphragmatic hernia. Pediatr Res. 2004 Nov; 56(5):818-25. PMID: 15319458.
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    78. Keller RL, Hamrick SE, Kitterman JA, Fineman JR, Hawgood S. Treatment of rebound and chronic pulmonary hypertension with oral sildenafil in an infant with congenital diaphragmatic hernia. Pediatr Crit Care Med. 2004 Mar; 5(2):184-7. PMID: 14987351.
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    79. Harrison MR, Keller RL, Hawgood SB, Kitterman JA, Sandberg PL, Farmer DL, Lee H, Filly RA, Farrell JA, Albanese CT. A randomized trial of fetal endoscopic tracheal occlusion for severe fetal congenital diaphragmatic hernia. N Engl J Med. 2003 Nov 13; 349(20):1916-24. PMID: 14614166.
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    80. Keller RL, Clyman RI. Persistent Doppler flow predicts lack of response to multiple courses of indomethacin in premature infants with recurrent patent ductus arteriosus. Pediatrics. 2003 Sep; 112(3 Pt 1):583-7. PMID: 12949288.
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    81. Keller RL, Glidden DV, Paek BW, Goldstein RB, Feldstein VA, Callen PW, Filly RA, Albanese CT. The lung-to-head ratio and fetoscopic temporary tracheal occlusion: prediction of survival in severe left congenital diaphragmatic hernia. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol. 2003 Mar; 21(3):244-9. PMID: 12666218.
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    82. Keller RL, Aaroz PA, Hawgood S, Higgins CB. MR imaging of hepatic pulmonary fusion in neonates. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2003 Feb; 180(2):438-40. PMID: 12540449.
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