| University of Pretoria Medical School, Pretoria, South Africa | MBChB (Cum Laude) | 1988 | Medicine |
| University of Pretoria Medical School, Kalafong Hospital,
Pretoria, South Africa | Internship | 1989 | Medicine |
| University of Pretoria Medical School, Pretoria, South Africa | Residency, Fellow, College of Physicians, South Africa (FCP,SA) | 1995 | Internal Medicine |
| Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS | Residency | 1997 | Internal Medicine |
| VA Eastern Kansas Health Care System, Leavenworth,
University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS | Chief Resident | 1998 | Medicine |
| American Board of Internal Medicine | Board Certification | 10/2023 | Internal Medicine |
| American Board of Preventative Medicine | Board Certification | 1/2023 | Clinical Informatics |