Jim Sonner, MD

Title(s)Professor Emeritus, Anesthesia
SchoolSchool of Medicine
AddressLocation Required, #001
Phone415-514-0388
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    Collapse Biography 
    Collapse Education and Training
    University of California, San FranciscoResidency School of Medicine
    Harvard UniversityM.D.1988School of Medicine

    Collapse Research 
    Collapse Research Activities and Funding
    Genes Underlying the Response to Inhaled Anesthetics
    NIH R01GM069379Jul 15, 2004 - Jun 30, 2010
    Role: Principal Investigator
    Sites and Mechanisms of Inhaled Anesthetic Actions
    NIH/NIGMS P01GM047818Aug 1, 1994 - Jul 31, 2010
    Role: Co-Investigator
    Bio-Organic Biomedical Mass Spectrometry Resource
    NIH P41RR001614Mar 1, 1982 - May 31, 2015
    Role: Co-Investigator

    Collapse Bibliographic 
    Collapse Publications
    Publications listed below are automatically derived from MEDLINE/PubMed and other sources, which might result in incorrect or missing publications. Researchers can login to make corrections and additions, or contact us for help. to make corrections and additions.
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    Altmetrics Details PMC Citations indicate the number of times the publication was cited by articles in PubMed Central, and the Altmetric score represents citations in news articles and social media. (Note that publications are often cited in additional ways that are not shown here.) Fields are based on how the National Library of Medicine (NLM) classifies the publication's journal and might not represent the specific topic of the publication. Translation tags are based on the publication type and the MeSH terms NLM assigns to the publication. Some publications (especially newer ones and publications not in PubMed) might not yet be assigned Field or Translation tags.) Click a Field or Translation tag to filter the publications.
    1. Molecular mechanisms of drug action: an emerging view. Annu Rev Biophys. 2013; 42:143-67. Sonner JM, Cantor RS. PMID: 23451895.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 24     Fields:    Translation:HumansAnimals
    2. 3-Hydroxybutyric acid interacts with lipid monolayers at concentrations that impair consciousness. Langmuir. 2013 Feb 12; 29(6):1948-55. Hsu TT, Leiske DL, Rosenfeld L, Sonner JM, Fuller GG. PMID: 23339286.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 3     Fields:    Translation:Cells
    3. Gamma-aminobutyric acid type A receptor β3 subunit forebrain-specific knockout mice are resistant to the amnestic effect of isoflurane. Anesth Analg. 2011 Sep; 113(3):500-4. Rau V, Oh I, Liao M, Bodarky C, Fanselow MS, Homanics GE, Sonner JM, Eger EI. PMID: 21813630; PMCID: PMC4003562.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 15     Fields:    Translation:Animals
    4. Functional prokaryotic-eukaryotic chimera from the pentameric ligand-gated ion channel family. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2011 Jul 19; 108(29):12143-8. Duret G, Van Renterghem C, Weng Y, Prevost M, Moraga-Cid G, Huon C, Sonner JM, Corringer PJ. PMID: 21730130; PMCID: PMC3141993.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 47     Fields:    Translation:AnimalsCells
    5. X-ray structures of general anaesthetics bound to a pentameric ligand-gated ion channel. Nature. 2011 Jan 20; 469(7330):428-31. Nury H, Van Renterghem C, Weng Y, Tran A, Baaden M, Dufresne V, Changeux JP, Sonner JM, Delarue M, Corringer PJ. PMID: 21248852.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 226     Fields:    Translation:Cells
    6. Conserved role of unc-79 in ethanol responses in lightweight mutant mice. PLoS Genet. 2010 Aug 12; 6(8). Speca DJ, Chihara D, Ashique AM, Bowers MS, Pierce-Shimomura JT, Lee J, Rabbee N, Speed TP, Gularte RJ, Chitwood J, Medrano JF, Liao M, Sonner JM, Eger EI, Peterson AS, McIntire SL. PMID: 20714347; PMCID: PMC2920847.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 32     Fields:    Translation:Animals
    7. Gamma-aminobutyric acid type A receptor alpha 4 subunit knockout mice are resistant to the amnestic effect of isoflurane. Anesth Analg. 2009 Dec; 109(6):1816-22. Rau V, Iyer SV, Oh I, Chandra D, Harrison N, Eger EI, Fanselow MS, Homanics GE, Sonner JM. PMID: 19923508; PMCID: PMC2895314.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 21     Fields:    Translation:Animals
    8. Anesthetic sensitivity of the Gloeobacter violaceus proton-gated ion channel. Anesth Analg. 2010 Jan 01; 110(1):59-63. Weng Y, Yang L, Corringer PJ, Sonner JM. PMID: 19933531; PMCID: PMC2897236.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 54     Fields:    Translation:AnimalsCells
    9. Isovaleric, methylmalonic, and propionic acid decrease anesthetic EC50 in tadpoles, modulate glycine receptor function, and interact with the lipid 1,2-dipalmitoyl-Sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine. Anesth Analg. 2009 May; 108(5):1538-45. Weng Y, Hsu TT, Zhao J, Nishimura S, Fuller GG, Sonner JM. PMID: 19372333; PMCID: PMC2897242.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 5     Fields:    Translation:AnimalsCells
    10. Tolerance to isoflurane does not occur in developing Xenopus laevis tadpoles. Anesth Analg. 2009 Jan; 108(1):176-80. Milutinovic PS, Zhao J, Sonner JM. PMID: 19095846; PMCID: PMC2627504.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 3     Fields:    Translation:Animals
    11. A hypothesis on the origin and evolution of the response to inhaled anesthetics. Anesth Analg. 2008 Sep; 107(3):849-54. Sonner JM. PMID: 18713893; PMCID: PMC2627509.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 15     Fields:    Translation:HumansAnimalsCells
    12. Is a new paradigm needed to explain how inhaled anesthetics produce immobility? Anesth Analg. 2008 Sep; 107(3):832-48. Eger EI, Raines DE, Shafer SL, Hemmings HC, Sonner JM. PMID: 18713892; PMCID: PMC2653203.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 39     Fields:    Translation:HumansAnimals
    13. Anesthetic-like modulation of receptor function by surfactants: a test of the interfacial theory of anesthesia. Anesth Analg. 2008 Sep; 107(3):868-74. Yang L, Sonner JM. PMID: 18713898; PMCID: PMC2668573.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 7     Fields:    Translation:AnimalsCells
    14. Inhaled anesthetics do not combine to produce synergistic effects regarding minimum alveolar anesthetic concentration in rats. Anesth Analg. 2008 Aug; 107(2):479-85. Eger EI, Tang M, Liao M, Laster MJ, Solt K, Flood P, Jenkins A, Raines D, Hendrickx JF, Shafer SL, Yasumasa T, Sonner JM. PMID: 18633026.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 15     Fields:    Translation:Animals
    15. Is synergy the rule? A review of anesthetic interactions producing hypnosis and immobility. Anesth Analg. 2008 Aug; 107(2):494-506. Hendrickx JF, Eger EI, Sonner JM, Shafer SL. PMID: 18633028.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 74     Fields:    Translation:HumansAnimals
    16. Additivity versus synergy: a theoretical analysis of implications for anesthetic mechanisms. Anesth Analg. 2008 Aug; 107(2):507-24. Shafer SL, Hendrickx JF, Flood P, Sonner J, Eger EI. PMID: 18633029.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 17     Fields:    Translation:Cells
    17. Knockout of the gene encoding the K(2P) channel KCNK7 does not alter volatile anesthetic sensitivity. Behav Brain Res. 2008 Nov 21; 193(2):192-6. Yost CS, Oh I, Eger EI, Sonner JM. PMID: 18572259; PMCID: PMC2669440.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 12     Fields:    Translation:AnimalsCells
    18. Intrathecal glycine significantly decreases the minimum alveolar concentration of isoflurane in rats. Chin Med Sci J. 2008 Mar; 23(1):16-8. Zhao J, Zhang Y, Eger EI, Sonner J. PMID: 18437904.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 1     Fields:    Translation:Animals
    19. The anesthetic-like effects of diverse compounds on wild-type and mutant gamma-aminobutyric acid type A and glycine receptors. Anesth Analg. 2008 Mar; 106(3):838-45, table of contents. Yang L, Sonner JM. PMID: 18292428.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 3     Fields:    Translation:HumansAnimalsCells
    20. Anesthetic properties of the ketone bodies beta-hydroxybutyric acid and acetone. Anesth Analg. 2007 Sep; 105(3):673-9. Yang L, Zhao J, Milutinovic PS, Brosnan RJ, Eger EI, Sonner JM. PMID: 17717222.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 23     Fields:    Translation:HumansAnimalsCells
    21. Alterations in spinal, but not cerebral, cerebrospinal fluid Na+ concentrations affect the isoflurane minimum alveolar concentration in rats. Anesth Analg. 2007 Sep; 105(3):661-5. Laster MJ, Zhang Y, Eger EI, Shnayderman D, Sonner JM. PMID: 17717220.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 4     Fields:    Translation:Animals
    22. Mouse chromosome 7 harbors a quantitative trait locus for isoflurane minimum alveolar concentration. Anesth Analg. 2007 Aug; 105(2):381-5. Cascio M, Xing Y, Gong D, Popovich J, Eger EI, Sen S, Peltz G, Sonner JM. PMID: 17646494.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 6     Fields:    Translation:AnimalsCells
    23. Anesthetic-like modulation of a gamma-aminobutyric acid type A, strychnine-sensitive glycine, and N-methyl-d-aspartate receptors by coreleased neurotransmitters. Anesth Analg. 2007 Aug; 105(2):386-92. Milutinovic PS, Yang L, Cantor RS, Eger EI, Sonner JM. PMID: 17646495.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 11     Fields:    Translation:HumansAnimals
    24. The plasticizer di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate modulates gamma-aminobutyric acid type A and glycine receptor function. Anesth Analg. 2007 Aug; 105(2):393-6. Yang L, Milutinovic PS, Brosnan RJ, Eger EI, Sonner JM. PMID: 17646496.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 10     Fields:    Translation:Animals
    25. Anesthetic properties of carbon dioxide in the rat. Anesth Analg. 2007 Jul; 105(1):103-6. Brosnan RJ, Eger EI, Laster MJ, Sonner JM. PMID: 17578964.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 14     Fields:    Translation:Animals
    26. Ethnicity can affect anesthetic requirement. Anesthesiology. 2007 Jul; 107(1):4-5. Sonner JM. PMID: 17585206.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 3     Fields:    Translation:HumansAnimals
    27. Ammonia has anesthetic properties. Anesth Analg. 2007 Jun; 104(6):1430-3, table of contents. Brosnan RJ, Yang L, Milutinovic PS, Zhao J, Laster MJ, Eger EI, Sonner JM. PMID: 17513636.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 10     Fields:    Translation:AnimalsCells
    28. Lidocaine, MK-801, and MAC. Anesth Analg. 2007 May; 104(5):1098-102, tables of contents. Zhang Y, Laster MJ, Eger EI, Sharma M, Sonner JM. PMID: 17456658.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 10     Fields:    Translation:Animals
    29. Blockade of acetylcholine receptors does not change the dose of etomidate required to produce immobility in rats. Anesth Analg. 2007 Apr; 104(4):850-2. Zhang Y, Laster MJ, Eger EI, Sharma M, Sonner JM. PMID: 17377093.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 4     Fields:    Translation:Animals
    30. Effect of isoflurane and other potent inhaled anesthetics on minimum alveolar concentration, learning, and the righting reflex in mice engineered to express alpha1 gamma-aminobutyric acid type A receptors unresponsive to isoflurane. Anesthesiology. 2007 Jan; 106(1):107-13. Sonner JM, Werner DF, Elsen FP, Xing Y, Liao M, Harris RA, Harrison NL, Fanselow MS, Eger EI, Homanics GE. PMID: 17197852.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 32     Fields:    Translation:Animals
    31. Determination of the EC50 amnesic concentration of etomidate and its diffusion profile in brain tissue: implications for in vitro studies. Anesthesiology. 2007 Jan; 106(1):114-23. Benkwitz C, Liao M, Laster MJ, Sonner JM, Eger EI, Pearce RA. PMID: 17197853.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 35     Fields:    Translation:AnimalsCells
    32. Do dopamine receptors mediate part of MAC? Anesth Analg. 2006 Nov; 103(5):1177-81. Tanifuji Y, Zhang Y, Liao M, Eger EI, Laster MJ, Sonner JM. PMID: 17056951.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 2     Fields:    Translation:Animals
    33. Chirality in anesthesia II: stereoselective modulation of ion channel function by secondary alcohol enantiomers. Anesth Analg. 2006 Jul; 103(1):86-91, table of contents. Brosnan R, Gong D, Cotten J, Keshavaprasad B, Yost CS, Eger EI, Sonner JM. PMID: 16790632.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 12     Fields:    Translation:AnimalsCells
    34. Chirality in anesthesia I: minimum alveolar concentration of secondary alcohol enantiomers. Anesth Analg. 2006 Jul; 103(1):81-4, table of contents. Won A, Oh I, Laster MJ, Popovich J, Eger EI, Sonner JM. PMID: 16790631.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 5     Fields:    Translation:AnimalsCells
    35. Contrasting roles of the N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor in the production of immobilization by conventional and aromatic anesthetics. Anesth Analg. 2006 May; 102(5):1397-406. Eger EI, Liao M, Laster MJ, Won A, Popovich J, Raines DE, Solt K, Dutton RC, Cobos FV, Sonner JM. PMID: 16632817.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 18     Fields:    Translation:Animals
    36. Do N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors mediate the capacity of inhaled anesthetics to suppress the temporal summation that contributes to minimum alveolar concentration? Anesth Analg. 2006 May; 102(5):1412-8. Dutton RC, Laster MJ, Xing Y, Sonner JM, Raines DE, Solt K, Eger EI. PMID: 16632819.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 9     Fields:    Translation:Animals
    37. The minimum alveolar anesthetic concentration of 2-, 3-, and 4-alcohols and ketones in rats: relevance to anesthetic mechanisms. Anesth Analg. 2006 May; 102(5):1419-26. Won A, Oh I, Liao M, Sonner JM, Harris RA, Laster MJ, Brosnan R, Trudell JR, Eger EI. PMID: 16632820.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 1     Fields:    Translation:Animals
    38. Naloxone does not increase the minimum alveolar anesthetic concentration of sevoflurane in mice. Anesth Analg. 2006 May; 102(5):1452-5. Liao M, Laster MJ, Eger EI, Tang M, Sonner JM. PMID: 16632825.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 11     Fields:    Translation:Animals
    39. Anaesthesia defined (gentlemen, this is no humbug). Best Pract Res Clin Anaesthesiol. 2006 Mar; 20(1):23-9. Eger EI, Sonner JM. PMID: 16634411.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 11     Fields:    Translation:Humans
    40. Hypothermia decreases ethanol MAC in rats. J Anesth. 2006; 20(3):247-50. Won A, Oh I, Brosnan R, Eger EI, Sonner JM. PMID: 16897251.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 2     Fields:    Translation:Animals
    41. Beta3-containing gamma-aminobutyric acidA receptors are not major targets for the amnesic and immobilizing actions of isoflurane. Anesth Analg. 2005 Aug; 101(2):412-418. Liao M, Sonner JM, Jurd R, Rudolph U, Borghese CM, Harris RA, Laster MJ, Eger EI. PMID: 16037154.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 26     Fields:    Translation:Animals
    42. R (+) etomidate and the photoactivable R (+) azietomidate have comparable anesthetic activity in wild-type mice and comparably decreased activity in mice with a N265M point mutation in the gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor beta3 subunit. Anesth Analg. 2005 Jul; 101(1):131-5, table of contents. Liao M, Sonner JM, Husain SS, Miller KW, Jurd R, Rudolph U, Eger EI. PMID: 15976219.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 27     Fields:    Translation:Animals
    43. The effect of three inhaled anesthetics in mice harboring mutations in the GluR6 (kainate) receptor gene. Anesth Analg. 2005 Jul; 101(1):143-8, table of contents. Sonner JM, Vissel B, Royle G, Maurer A, Gong D, Baron NV, Harrison N, Fanselow M, Eger EI. PMID: 15976221.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 5     Fields:    Translation:Animals
    44. Administration of epinephrine does not increase learning of fear to tone in rats anesthetized with isoflurane or desflurane. Anesth Analg. 2005 May; 100(5):1333-1337. Sonner JM, Xing Y, Zhang Y, Maurer A, Fanselow MS, Dutton RC, Eger EI. PMID: 15845679.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 3     Fields:    Translation:Animals
    45. Alpha 1 subunit-containing GABA type A receptors in forebrain contribute to the effect of inhaled anesthetics on conditioned fear. Mol Pharmacol. 2005 Jul; 68(1):61-8. Sonner JM, Cascio M, Xing Y, Fanselow MS, Kralic JE, Morrow AL, Korpi ER, Hardy S, Sloat B, Eger EI, Homanics GE. PMID: 15833735.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 29     Fields:    Translation:Animals
    46. The effect of meperidine on thermoregulation in mice: involvement of alpha2-adrenoceptors. Anesth Analg. 2005 Jan; 100(1):102-106. Paris A, Ohlendorf C, Marquardt M, Bein B, Sonner JM, Scholz J, Tonner PH. PMID: 15616061.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 4     Fields:    Translation:Animals
    47. Thiopental produces immobility primarily by supraspinal actions in rats. Anesth Analg. 2005 Jan; 100(1):128-136. Stabernack C, Zhang Y, Sonner JM, Laster M, Eger EI. PMID: 15616066.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 4     Fields:    Translation:Animals
    48. Mice with a melanocortin 1 receptor mutation have a slightly greater minimum alveolar concentration than control mice. Anesthesiology. 2004 Aug; 101(2):544-6. Xing Y, Sonner JM, Eger EI, Cascio M, Sessler DI. PMID: 15277941.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 4     Fields:    Translation:Animals
    49. Gamma-aminobutyric acidA receptors do not mediate the immobility produced by isoflurane. Anesth Analg. 2004 Jul; 99(1):85-90. Zhang Y, Sonner JM, Eger EI, Stabernack CR, Laster MJ, Raines DE, Harris RA. PMID: 15281509.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 15     Fields:    Translation:AnimalsCells
    50. Women appear to have the same minimum alveolar concentration as men: a retrospective study. Anesthesiology. 2003 Nov; 99(5):1059-61. Eger EI, Laster MJ, Gregory GA, Katoh T, Sonner JM. PMID: 14576539.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 12     Fields:    Translation:Humans
    51. Inhaled anesthetics and immobility: mechanisms, mysteries, and minimum alveolar anesthetic concentration. Anesth Analg. 2003 Sep; 97(3):718-740. Sonner JM, Antognini JF, Dutton RC, Flood P, Gray AT, Harris RA, Homanics GE, Kendig J, Orser B, Raines DE, Trudell J, Vissel B, Eger EI. PMID: 12933393.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 79     Fields:    Translation:HumansAnimals
    52. Blockade of 5-HT2A receptors may mediate or modulate part of the immobility produced by inhaled anesthetics. Anesth Analg. 2003 Aug; 97(2):475-479. Zhang Y, Laster MJ, Eger EI, Stabernack CR, Sonner JM. PMID: 12873938.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 5     Fields:    Translation:Animals
    53. Temporal summation governs part of the minimum alveolar concentration of isoflurane anesthesia. Anesthesiology. 2003 Jun; 98(6):1372-7. Dutton RC, Zhang Y, Stabernack CR, Laster MJ, Sonner JM, Eger EI. PMID: 12766645.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 5     Fields:    Translation:Animals
    54. Alpha-2 adrenoreceptors probably do not mediate the immobility produced by inhaled anesthetics. Anesth Analg. 2003 Jun; 96(6):1661-1664. Eger EI, Xing Y, Laster MJ, Sonner JM. PMID: 12760992.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 2     Fields:    Translation:Animals
    55. Halothane and isoflurane have additive minimum alveolar concentration (MAC) effects in rats. Anesth Analg. 2003 May; 96(5):1350-1353. Eger EI, Xing Y, Laster M, Sonner J, Antognini JF, Carstens E. PMID: 12707132.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 5     Fields:    Translation:Animals
    56. Isoflurane antagonizes the capacity of flurothyl or 1,2-dichlorohexafluorocyclobutane to impair fear conditioning to context and tone. Anesth Analg. 2003 Apr; 96(4):1010-1018. Eger EI, Xing Y, Pearce R, Shafer S, Laster MJ, Zhang Y, Fanselow MS, Sonner JM. PMID: 12651651.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 2     Fields:    Translation:Animals
    57. GABA(A) receptor blockade antagonizes the immobilizing action of propofol but not ketamine or isoflurane in a dose-related manner. Anesth Analg. 2003 Mar; 96(3):706-712. Bovill JG, Sonner JM, Zhang Y, Stabernack C, Abaigar W, Xing Y, Laster MJ. PMID: 12598250.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 28     Fields:    Translation:Animals
    58. Spinal N-methyl-d-aspartate receptors may contribute to the immobilizing action of isoflurane. Anesth Analg. 2003 Jan; 96(1):102-7, table of contents. Stabernack C, Sonner JM, Laster M, Zhang Y, Xing Y, Sharma M, Eger EI. PMID: 12505933.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 14     Fields:    Translation:Animals
    59. Glycine receptors mediate part of the immobility produced by inhaled anesthetics. Anesth Analg. 2003 Jan; 96(1):97-101, table of contents. Zhang Y, Laster MJ, Hara K, Harris RA, Eger EI, Stabernack CR, Sonner JM. PMID: 12505932.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 20     Fields:    Translation:AnimalsCells
    60. Isoflurane hyperalgesia is modulated by nicotinic inhibition. Anesthesiology. 2002 Jul; 97(1):192-8. Flood P, Sonner JM, Gong D, Coates KM. PMID: 12131122.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 13     Fields:    Translation:Animals
    61. Acetylcholine receptors do not mediate isoflurane's actions on spinal cord in vitro. Anesth Analg. 2002 Jun; 94(6):1495-9, table of contents. Wong SM, Sonner JM, Kendig JJ. PMID: 12032014.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 1     Fields:    Translation:Animals
    62. Acetylcholine receptors do not mediate the immobilization produced by inhaled anesthetics. Anesth Analg. 2002 Jun; 94(6):1500-4, table of contents. Eger EI, Zhang Y, Laster M, Flood P, Kendig JJ, Sonner JM. PMID: 12032015.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 8     Fields:    Translation:Animals
    63. Do sevoflurane and desflurane differ in upper airway reactivity? Anesthesiology. 2002 May; 96(5):1274-5; author reply 1275-6. Sonner J, Fisher DM. PMID: 11981176.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions:    Fields:    Translation:Humans
    64. Isoflurane causes anterograde but not retrograde amnesia for pavlovian fear conditioning. Anesthesiology. 2002 May; 96(5):1223-9. Dutton RC, Maurer AJ, Sonner JM, Fanselow MS, Laster MJ, Eger EI. PMID: 11981164.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 14     Fields:    Translation:Animals
    65. Short-term memory resists the depressant effect of the nonimmobilizer 1-2-dichlorohexafluorocyclobutane (2N) more than long-term memory. Anesth Analg. 2002 Mar; 94(3):631-9; table of contents. Dutton RC, Maurer AJ, Sonner JM, Fanselow MS, Laster MJ, Eger EI. PMID: 11867388.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 5     Fields:    Translation:Animals
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