Samuel Washington, MD, MAS

Title(s)Assistant Professor, Urology
SchoolSchool of Medicine
Address550 16th Street
San Francisco CA 94143
Phone415-353-9779
ORCID ORCID Icon0000-0002-2467-6115 Additional info
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    Collapse Biography 
    Collapse Education and Training
    University of California, Davis, Davis, CABS06/2007Genetics; Latin minor
    University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA06/2011Pathways to Careers in Clinical and Translational Research Yearlong Fellowship
    University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CAMD06/2012Medicine
    University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA06/2018Urology surgical Residency
    University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CAUrologic Oncology Fellowship
    University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CAMAS06/2019Advanced Training in Clinical & Translational Research Program
    Collapse Awards and Honors
    Miley B. Wesson Resident Essay Contest, Third Place; Western Section American Urological Association2016Incidence of Prostate Cancer within Skeletal Muscle at the Prostate Apex in Men Undergoing Radical P
    43rd Annual Northern California Residents’ Research Seminar, First Place for Clinical Science Sectio2017Interaction between Histologic Subtype and Ethnicity on Bladder Cancer Outcome
    Bladder Cancer Advocacy Network2019John Quale Travel Fellowship
    Region 5 Geographic Management of Cancer Health Disparities Program201912th American Association of Cancer Researchers Conference on The Science of Cancer Health Dispariti
    OptumLabs – University of California Partnership2019OptumLabs Health Data for Action: Leveraging Health Data for Actionable Insights Data Access Award
    University of California, San Francisco2021Goldberg-Benioff Endowed Professorship in Cancer Biology
    ConcertAI2021Engaging Research to Achieve Cancer Care Equity Research Award
    San Francisco VA Health Care System2021Grunfeld Scholars
    University of California, San Francisco2021John A. Watson Faculty Scholar

    Collapse Overview 

    Collapse Research 
    Collapse Research Activities and Funding
    The Differential Impact of Race on Oncologic Outcomes in Elderly Patients with Bladder Cancer: A Population-based Study
    NIA RCMAR/UCSF Center for Aging in Diverse Communities Scholars Program 132016CJul 1, 2018 - Jun 30, 2019
    Role: Co-Principal Investigator
    The Interventions to Reduce Resident Exhaustion and Depersonalization
    UCSF Academy of Medical EducatorsUCSF 1000112Jul 1, 2017 - Jun 30, 2018
    Role: Co-Principal Investigator

    Collapse ORNG Applications 
    Collapse Faculty Mentoring

    Collapse Featured Content 
    Collapse Twitter

    Collapse Bibliographic 
    Collapse Publications
    Publications listed below are automatically derived from MEDLINE/PubMed and other sources, which might result in incorrect or missing publications. Researchers can login to make corrections and additions, or contact us for help. to make corrections and additions.
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    Altmetrics Details PMC Citations indicate the number of times the publication was cited by articles in PubMed Central, and the Altmetric score represents citations in news articles and social media. (Note that publications are often cited in additional ways that are not shown here.) Fields are based on how the National Library of Medicine (NLM) classifies the publication's journal and might not represent the specific topic of the publication. Translation tags are based on the publication type and the MeSH terms NLM assigns to the publication. Some publications (especially newer ones and publications not in PubMed) might not yet be assigned Field or Translation tags.) Click a Field or Translation tag to filter the publications.
    1. Active surveillance in intermediate-risk prostate cancer with PSA 10-20 ng/mL: pathological outcome analysis of a population-level database. Prostate Cancer Prostatic Dis. 2021 Sep 10. Lonergan PE, Jeong CW, Washington SL, Herlemann A, Gomez SL, Carroll PR, Cooperberg MR. PMID: 34508180.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions:    Fields:    
    2. Formal Mentorship as an Opportunity to Expand the Urology Pipeline: UnderRepresented Trainees Entering Residency (UReTER) Program Evaluation 2020-2021. Urology. 2021 Sep 07. Zheng MY, Overland M, Escobar D, Fakunle M, Li Y, Chu C, Balakrishnan A, Shee K, Washington S, Hampson L. PMID: 34506807.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions:    Fields:    
    3. Trends in the Racial and Ethnic Diversity in the US Urology Workforce. Urology. 2021 Aug 29. Simons ECG, Arevalo A, Washington SL, Does S, Kwan L, Nguyen AV, Downs TM, Braddock CH, Saigal C. PMID: 34469768.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions:    Fields:    
    4. A Cross-Sectional Analysis of Barriers Associated With Non-Attendance at a Urology Telehealth Clinic in a Safety-Net Hospital. Urology. 2021 Aug 27. Bell A, Lonergan PE, Escobar D, Fakunle M, Chu CE, Berdy S, Palmer NR, Breyer BN, Washington SL. PMID: 34461145.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions:    Fields:    
    5. The state of our understanding of prostate cancer in sub-Saharan Africa. Cancer. 2021 Jul 30. Greenberg SA, Washington SL. PMID: 34328212.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions:    Fields:    
    6. Natural history of an immediately detectable PSA following radical prostatectomy in a contemporary cohort. Prostate. 2021 Sep; 81(13):1009-1017. Lonergan PE, Cowan JE, Washington SL, Greenberg SA, Nguyen HG, Carroll PR. PMID: 34288004.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions:    Fields:    
    7. Residual Benign Prostate Glandular Tissue after Radical Prostatectomy is Not Associated with the Development of Detectable Postoperative Serum Prostate Specific Antigen. J Urol. 2021 09; 206(3):706-714. Greenberg SA, Washington SL, Lonergan PE, Cowan JE, Baskin AS, Nguyen HG, Odisho AY, Simko JP, Carroll PR. PMID: 33905262.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions:    Fields:    Translation:Humans
    8. Post-Diagnostic Dietary and Lifestyle Factors and Prostate Cancer Recurrence, Progression, and Mortality. Curr Oncol Rep. 2021 03 10; 23(3):37. Langlais CS, Graff RE, Van Blarigan EL, Palmer NR, Washington SL, Chan JM, Kenfield SA. PMID: 33689041.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 1     Fields:    
    9. EDITORIAL COMMENT. Urology. 2021 Feb; 148:209-210. Washington SL, Nyame YA. PMID: 33549216.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions:    Fields:    
    10. Diagnostic Accuracy and Prognostic Value of Serial Prostate Multiparametric Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Men on Active Surveillance for Prostate Cancer. Eur Urol Oncol. 2021 Jan 19. Chu CE, Cowan JE, Lonergan PE, Washington SL, Fasulo V, de la Calle CM, Shinohara K, Westphalen AC, Carroll PR. PMID: 33483265.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions:    Fields:    
    11. Supporting Black voices in urology. Nat Rev Urol. 2021 01; 18(1):7-17. Downs TM, Enemchukwu E, Lee CT, Moses KA, Nyame YA, Powell IJ, Vince R, Williams H, Wilson S, Washington SL. PMID: 33318668.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions:    Fields:    Translation:Humans
    12. Liposomal Bupivacaine Decreases Postoperative Length of Stay and Opioid Use in Patients Undergoing Radical Cystectomy. Urology. 2021 Mar; 149:168-173. Chu CE, Law L, Zuniga K, Lin TK, Tsourounis C, Rodriguez-Monguio R, Lazar A, Washington SL, Cooperberg MR, Greene KL, Carroll PR, Pruthi RS, Meng MV, Chen LL, Porten SP. PMID: 33278460.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 1     Fields:    
    13. Regional Variation in Active Surveillance for Low-Risk Prostate Cancer in the US. JAMA Netw Open. 2020 12 01; 3(12):e2031349. Washington SL, Jeong CW, Lonergan PE, Herlemann A, Gomez SL, Carroll PR, Cooperberg MR. PMID: 33369661.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 2     Fields:    Translation:HumansPHPublic Health
    14. The Clinical Significance of Multiple Negative Surveillance Prostate Biopsies for Men on Active Surveillance-Does Cancer Vanish or Simply Hide? J Urol. 2021 Jan; 205(1):109-114. Chu CE, Cowan JE, Fasulo V, Washington SL, de la Calle C, Shoemaker J, Carroll PR. PMID: 33198555.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions:    Fields:    Translation:Humans
    15. Health literacy and shared decision making in prostate cancer screening: Equality versus equity. Cancer. 2021 01 15; 127(2):181-183. Washington SL, Master VA. PMID: 33164210.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions:    Fields:    Translation:Humans
    16. The Long-Term Risks of Metastases in Men on Active Surveillance for Early Stage Prostate Cancer. J Urol. 2020 12; 204(6):1222-1228. Maggi M, Cowan JE, Fasulo V, Washington SL, Lonergan PE, Sciarra A, Nguyen HG, Carroll PR. PMID: 33157570.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions:    Fields:    Translation:Humans
    17. Monitoring Prostate Cancer Incidence Trends: Value of Multiple Imputation and Delay Adjustment to Discern Disparities in Stage-specific Trends. Eur Urol. 2021 01; 79(1):42-43. Gomez SL, Washington SL, Cheng I, Huang FW, Cooperberg MR. PMID: 33153814.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions:    Fields:    Translation:Humans
    18. Influence of pelvic lymph node dissection and node-positive disease on biochemical recurrence, secondary treatment, and survival after radical prostatectomy in men with prostate cancer. Prostate. 2021 02; 81(2):102-108. Washington SL, Cowan JE, Herlemann A, Zuniga KB, Masic S, Nguyen HG, Carroll PR. PMID: 33075151.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions:    Fields:    Translation:Humans
    19. Characteristics of Cancer Progression on Serial Biopsy in Men on Active Surveillance for Early-stage Prostate Cancer: Implications for Focal Therapy. Eur Urol Oncol. 2020 Oct 14. Fasulo V, Cowan JE, Maggi M, Washington SL, Nguyen HG, Shinohara K, Lazzeri M, Casale P, Carroll PR. PMID: 33069628.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions:    Fields:    
    20. Reply by Authors. J Urol. 2020 12; 204(6):1221. Lonergan PE, Washington SL, Cowan JE, Zhao S, Nguyen HG, Shinohara K, Cooperberg MR, Carroll PR. PMID: 32969756.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions:    Fields:    
    21. Race modifies survival benefit of guideline-based treatment: Implications for reducing disparities in muscle invasive bladder cancer. Cancer Med. 2020 11; 9(22):8310-8317. Washington SL, Gregorich SE, Meng MV, Suskind AM, Porten SP. PMID: 32869516.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 1     Fields:    Translation:Humans
    22. How Often Does Magnetic Resonance Imaging Detect Prostate Cancer Missed by Transrectal Ultrasound? Eur Urol Focus. 2020 Aug 28. Herlemann A, Overland MR, Washington SL, Cowan JE, Westphalen AC, Carroll PR, Nguyen HG, Shinohara K, Cooperberg MR. PMID: 32868222.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions:    Fields:    
    23. Disparities in fertility knowledge among women from low and high resource settings presenting for fertility care in two United States metropolitan centers. Fertil Res Pract. 2020; 6:15. Hoffman JR, Delaney MA, Valdes CT, Herrera D, Washington SL, Aghajanova L, Smith JF, Herndon CN. PMID: 32821417.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions:
    24. Bladder cancer in patients younger than 40 years: outcomes from the National Cancer Database. World J Urol. 2021 Jun; 39(6):1911-1916. de la Calle CM, Washington SL, Lonergan PE, Meng MV, Porten SP. PMID: 32737581.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 1     Fields:    Translation:Humans
    25. Correction to: A comparison of stage-specific all-cause mortality between testicular sex cordstromal tumors and germ cell tumors: results from the National Cancer Database. BMC Urol. 2020 07 17; 20(1):103. Zuniga KB, Washington SL, Porten SP, Meng MV. PMID: 32680507.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions:    Fields:    
    26. Multiparametric Magnetic Resonance Imaging Alone is Insufficient to Detect Grade Reclassification in Active Surveillance for Prostate Cancer. Eur Urol. 2020 10; 78(4):515-517. Chu CE, Lonergan PE, Washington SL, Cowan JE, Shinohara K, Westphalen AC, Carroll PR, Cooperberg MR. PMID: 32631744.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 1     Fields:    Translation:Humans
    27. Risk Factors for Biopsy Reclassification over Time in Men on Active Surveillance for Early Stage Prostate Cancer. J Urol. 2020 12; 204(6):1216-1221. Lonergan PE, Washington SL, Cowan JE, Zhao S, Nguyen HG, Shinohara K, Cooperberg MR, Carroll PR. PMID: 32519915.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions:    Fields:    Translation:Humans
    28. A comparison of stage-specific all-cause mortality between testicular sex cord stromal tumors and germ cell tumors: results from the National Cancer Database. BMC Urol. 2020 Apr 17; 20(1):40. Zuniga KB, Washington SL, Porten SP, Meng MV. PMID: 32303266.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 1     Fields:    Translation:Humans
    29. The New Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Prostate with Watchful Waiting Database: Opportunities and Limitations. Eur Urol. 2020 09; 78(3):335-344. Jeong CW, Washington SL, Herlemann A, Gomez SL, Carroll PR, Cooperberg MR. PMID: 31980309.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 3     Fields:    Translation:Humans
    30. MRI-Based Prostate-Specific Antigen Density Predicts Gleason Score Upgrade in an Active Surveillance Cohort. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2020 03; 214(3):574-578. Washington SL, Baskin AS, Ameli N, Nguyen HG, Westphalen AC, Shinohara K, Carroll PR. PMID: 31913068.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 1     Fields:    Translation:Humans
    31. Active surveillance for intermediate-risk prostate cancer: yes, but for whom? Curr Opin Urol. 2019 11; 29(6):605-611. Overland MR, Washington SL, Carroll PR, Cooperberg MR, Herlemann A. PMID: 31436567.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions:    Fields:    Translation:Humans
    32. What is the Impact of Racial Disparities on Diagnosis and Receipt of Appropriate Mental Health Care Among Urology Patients? Eur Urol Focus. 2020 11 15; 6(6):1155-1157. Washington SL, Nyame YA, Moses KA. PMID: 31542408.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 3     Fields:    Translation:Humans
    33. Stability of a 17-Gene Genomic Prostate Score in Serial Testing of Men on Active Surveillance for Early Stage Prostate Cancer. J Urol. 2019 10; 202(4):696-701. Cedars BE, Washington SL, Cowan JE, Leapman M, Tenggara I, Chan JM, Cooperberg MR, Carroll PR. PMID: 30958742.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 6     Fields:    Translation:Humans
    34. Perspectives From Authors and Editors in the Biomedical Disciplines on Predatory Journals: Survey Study. J Med Internet Res. 2019 08 30; 21(8):e13769. Cohen AJ, Patino G, Kamal P, Ndoye M, Tresh A, Mena J, Butler C, Washington S, Breyer BN. PMID: 31471960.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 1     Fields:    Translation:Humans
    35. The Impact of Stone Multiplicity on Surgical Decisions for Patients with Large Stone Burden: Results from ReSKU. J Endourol. 2019 09; 33(9):742-749. Zetumer S, Wiener S, Bayne DB, Armas-Phan M, Washington SL, Tzou DT, Stoller M, Chi T. PMID: 31044624.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions:    Fields:    Translation:Humans
    36. Automating the Capture of Structured Pathology Data for Prostate Cancer Clinical Care and Research. JCO Clin Cancer Inform. 2019 07; 3:1-8. Odisho AY, Bridge M, Webb M, Ameli N, Eapen RS, Stauf F, Cowan JE, Washington SL, Herlemann A, Carroll PR, Cooperberg MR. PMID: 31314550.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 2     Fields:    Translation:Humans
    37. Social Determinants of Appropriate Treatment for Muscle-Invasive Bladder Cancer. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 2019 08; 28(8):1339-1344. Washington SL, Neuhaus J, Meng MV, Porten SP. PMID: 31092404.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 3     Fields:    Translation:Humans
    38. Altruistic donation to improve survey responses: a global randomized trial. BMC Res Notes. 2019 Feb 28; 12(1):113. Cohen AJ, Washington S, Butler C, Kamal P, Patino G, Tresh A, Mena J, Ndoye M, Breyer BN. PMID: 30819217.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions:    Fields:    Translation:Humans
    39. The Association Between Race and Frailty in Older Adults Presenting to a Nononcologic Urology Practice. Urology. 2019 05; 127:19-23. Washington SL, Porten SP, Quanstrom K, Jin C, Bridge M, Finlayson E, Walter LC, Suskind AM. PMID: 30822479.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 1     Fields:    Translation:Humans
    40. Determinants of Guideline-Based Treatment in Patients With cT1 Bladder Cancer. Clin Genitourin Cancer. 2019 06; 17(3):e461-e471. Balakrishnan AS, Washington SL, Meng MV, Porten SP. PMID: 30799130.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions:    Fields:    Translation:Humans
    41. Health Care Delivery for Metastatic Hormone-sensitive Prostate Cancer Across the Globe. Eur Urol Focus. 2019 03; 5(2):155-158. Herlemann A, Washington SL, Cooperberg MR. PMID: 30587443.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 4     Fields:    Translation:Humans
    42. Racial distribution of urology workforce in United States in comparison to general population. Transl Androl Urol. 2018 Aug; 7(4):526-534. Washington SL, Baradaran N, Gaither TW, Awad MA, Murphy GP, Downs TM, Breyer BN. PMID: 30211043.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions:
    43. Effects of Initial Gleason Grade on Outcomes during Active Surveillance for Prostate Cancer. Eur Urol Oncol. 2018 10; 1(5):386-394. Masic S, Cowan JE, Washington SL, Nguyen HG, Shinohara K, Cooperberg MR, Carroll PR. PMID: 31158077.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 2     Fields:    Translation:Humans
    44. Whom to Treat: Postdiagnostic Risk Assessment with Gleason Score, Risk Models, and Genomic Classifier. Urol Clin North Am. 2017 Nov; 44(4):547-555. Herlemann A, Washington SL, Eapen RS, Cooperberg MR. PMID: 29107271.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 2     Fields:    Translation:Humans
    45. Web-Based Physician Ratings for California Physicians on Probation. J Med Internet Res. 2017 08 22; 19(8):e254. Murphy GP, Awad MA, Osterberg EC, Gaither TW, Chumnarnsongkhroh T, Washington SL, Breyer BN. PMID: 28830852.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 9     Fields:    Translation:Humans
    46. Management of intermediate-risk prostate cancer with active surveillance: never or sometimes? Curr Opin Urol. 2017 May; 27(3):231-237. Masic S, Washington SL, Carroll PR. PMID: 28234748.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 1     Fields:    Translation:Humans
    47. Impact of the United States Preventive Services Task Force 'D' recommendation on prostate cancer screening and staging. Curr Opin Urol. 2017 May; 27(3):205-209. Eapen RS, Herlemann A, Washington SL, Cooperberg MR. PMID: 28221220.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 12     Fields:    Translation:HumansPHPublic Health
    48. Ultrasound-Guided Renal Access and Tract Dilation. Videourology (New Rochelle). 2017; 31(1). Usawachintachit M, Tzou DT, Washington SL, Hu W, Li J, Chi T. PMID: 32292638.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions:
    49. Cystoscopic Evaluation of Bladder Leiomyoma. Urology. 2017 Aug; 106:e1-e2. Washington SL, Eslami A, Tzou DT. PMID: 28161381.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions:    Fields:    Translation:Humans
    50. Acute Bladder Necrosis after Pelvic Arterial Embolization for Pelvic Trauma: Lessons Learned from Two Cases of Immediate Postembolization Bladder Necrosis. Case Rep Urol. 2016; 2016:7594192. Washington S, Osterberg EC, Elliott SP, Hittelman AB, Breyer BN. PMID: 27656309.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions:
    51. Current Use of Imaging after Primary Treatment of Prostate Cancer. J Urol. 2015 Jul; 194(1):98-104. Hussein AA, Punnen S, Zhao S, Cowan JE, Leapman M, Tran TC, Washington SL, Truesdale MD, Carroll PR, Cooperberg MR. PMID: 25640648.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 2     Fields:    Translation:Humans
    52. Serial prostate biopsy and risk of lower urinary tract symptoms: results from a large, single-institution active surveillance cohort. Urology. 2014 Jan; 83(1):33-8. Glass AS, Hilton JF, Cowan JE, Washington SL, Carroll PR. PMID: 24246319.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 6     Fields:    Translation:Humans
    53. Out-of-pocket fertility patient expense: data from a multicenter prospective infertility cohort. J Urol. 2014 Feb; 191(2):427-32. Wu AK, Odisho AY, Washington SL, Katz PP, Smith JF. PMID: 24018235.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 19     Fields:    Translation:Humans
    54. Benign prostate glandular tissue at radical prostatectomy surgical margins. Urology. 2013 Jul; 82(1):154-9. Odisho AY, Washington SL, Meng MV, Cowan JE, Simko JP, Carroll PR. PMID: 23522995.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 3     Fields:    Translation:Humans
    55. Transrectal ultrasonography-guided biopsy does not reliably identify dominant cancer location in men with low-risk prostate cancer. BJU Int. 2012 Jul; 110(1):50-5. Washington SL, Bonham M, Whitson JM, Cowan JE, Carroll PR. PMID: 22077660.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 16     Fields:    Translation:Humans
    56. Management for prostate cancer treatment related posterior urethral and bladder neck stenosis with stents. J Urol. 2011 Jan; 185(1):198-203. Erickson BA, McAninch JW, Eisenberg ML, Washington SL, Breyer BN. PMID: 21074796.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 7     Fields:    Translation:Humans
    57. A once-daily dose of tadalafil for erectile dysfunction: compliance and efficacy. Drug Des Devel Ther. 2010 Sep 07; 4:159-71. Washington SL, Shindel AW. PMID: 20856843.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 14     Fields:    Translation:HumansAnimals
    58. Prostate Cancer: Clinical Case Scenarios. Active Surveillance in African-Americans. .
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