John Metcalfe, MD, PhD, MPH

Title(s)Professor, Medicine
SchoolSchool of Medicine
Address1001 Potrero Avenue, #5K5
San Francisco CA 94110
Phone415-476-0735
ORCID ORCID Icon0000-0002-2279-7036 Additional info
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    Collapse Biography 
    Collapse Education and Training
    University of California, San Francisco2020Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion Champion Training
    University of California, BerkelyPh.D.2012Division of Epidemiology
    University of California, San FranciscoFellowship2009Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine
    University of California, San FranciscoResidency 2006Internal Medicine
    Tufts University School of MedicineM.D.2003School of Medicine
    Tufts University School of MedicineMPH2003Chronic Complex Emergencies
    Humboldt State UniversityBS1998Molecular Biology
    Michigan State UniversityAB1995Sociology
    Collapse Awards and Honors
    University of California, Berkeley2008Chancellor's Fellow
    Robert Wood Johnson Foundation2010Harold Amos Scholar
    Doris Duke Charitable Foundation2015Clinical Scientist Development Award

    Collapse Overview 
    Collapse Overview
    My research focuses on fundamental questions in the tracking and early identification of drug-resistant tuberculosis (DR-TB) to better target and evaluate control interventions. I have specialized training in clinical research methods, statistical prediction, repeated measures, and causal inference through doctoral work in the Division of Epidemiology, UC Berkeley. I have served as a consultant to the WHO, USAID, and PAHO for the development of regional and national TB management guidelines. Because of my commitment to work with critically underserved populations, I have been attracted to global health projects with strong programmatic relevance throughout my career. I have experience conducting prospective studies in challenging environments, including a one-year field assignment in eastern D.R. Congo, and in Zimbabwe, where we oversaw treatment of the first cohort of drug-resistant TB patients (2011), undertook the first modern characterization of DR-TB in the country (2014), carried out a pragmatic diagnostic RCT of GeneXpert MTB/RIF (2014), and consulted on national TB (2014) and DR-TB (2016) prevalence surveys.

    Within the NIH Division of AIDS Clinical Trials Group, I lead an ACTG phase IIc trial (protocol A5362) examining the sterilizing activity of the repurposed agent clofazimine and the new rifamycin rifapentine; this trial will enroll TB patients at nine sites in seven countries. I am Industry Contact and Protocol Design Lead for molecular drug susceptibility testing for the Rapid Research for Diagnostics Development in TB Network (R2D2 TB Network). My work also focuses on determining mechanisms of M. tuberculosis clonal evolution under treatment, the longitudinal clinical significance of micro-heteroresistance, and on developing assays for non-invasive therapeutic drug monitoring. Collectively, these experiences provide distinct perspectives on keystone problems with high clinical impact, bench-to-bedside translation barriers, and scientific conduct in a variety of international settings.
    Collapse Global Health Equity

    Collapse Research 
    Collapse Research Activities and Funding
    Handheld and population-based sequencing for rapid detection of new and repurposed drug resistance in M. tuberculosis
    NIH R01AI153213Mar 1, 2021 - Feb 28, 2026
    Role: Principal Investigator
    Novel methods of pharmacologic monitoring for multidrug resistant tuberculosis treatment in the setting of HIV infection (NCE Year)
    NIH R01AI123024Jan 1, 2021 - Dec 31, 2021
    Role: Principal Investigator
    Novel next-generation sequencing assay for monitoring multidrug resistant tuberculosis treatment in the setting of HIV infection
    NIH R01AI131939Jan 19, 2018 - Dec 31, 2022
    Role: Principal Investigator
    Novel methods of pharmacologic monitoring for multidrug resistant tuberculosis treatment in the setting of HIV infection
    NIH R01AI123024Jan 7, 2016 - Dec 31, 2020
    Role: Principal Investigator
    Training for Research Excellence and MeNtorship in Tuberculosis (TRENT)
    NIH D43TW009539Aug 1, 2013 - Apr 30, 2023
    Role: Principal Investigator
    Improving Early Identification of Drug Resistant Tuberculosis in HIV Prevalent Se
    NIH K23AI094251Mar 4, 2011 - Feb 29, 2016
    Role: Principal Investigator

    Collapse ORNG Applications 
    Collapse Clinical Trials

    Collapse Bibliographic 
    Collapse Publications
    Publications listed below are automatically derived from MEDLINE/PubMed and other sources, which might result in incorrect or missing publications. Researchers can login to make corrections and additions, or contact us for help. to make corrections and additions.
    Newest   |   Oldest   |   Most Cited   |   Most Discussed   |   Timeline   |   Field Summary   |   Plain Text
    Altmetrics Details PMC Citations indicate the number of times the publication was cited by articles in PubMed Central, and the Altmetric score represents citations in news articles and social media. (Note that publications are often cited in additional ways that are not shown here.) Fields are based on how the National Library of Medicine (NLM) classifies the publication's journal and might not represent the specific topic of the publication. Translation tags are based on the publication type and the MeSH terms NLM assigns to the publication. Some publications (especially newer ones and publications not in PubMed) might not yet be assigned Field or Translation tags.) Click a Field or Translation tag to filter the publications.
    1. Frequency, kinetics and determinants of viable SARS-CoV-2 in bioaerosols from ambulatory COVID-19 patients infected with the Beta, Delta or Omicron variants. Nat Commun. 2024 Mar 05; 15(1):2003. Jaumdally S, Tomasicchio M, Pooran A, Esmail A, Kotze A, Meier S, Wilson L, Oelofse S, van der Merwe C, Roomaney A, Davids M, Suliman T, Joseph R, Perumal T, Scott A, Shaw M, Preiser W, Williamson C, Goga A, Mayne E, Gray G, Moore P, Sigal A, Limberis J, Metcalfe J, Dheda K. PMID: 38443359; PMCID: PMC10914788.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 2     Fields:    Translation:HumansCells
    2. Household air pollution and risk of pulmonary tuberculosis in HIV-Infected adults. Environ Health. 2024 Jan 17; 23(1):6. Katoto PDMC, Bihehe D, Brand A, Mushi R, Kusinza A, Alwood BW, van Zyl-Smit RN, Tamuzi JL, Sam-Agudu NA, Yotebieng M, Metcalfe J, Theron G, Godri Pollitt KJ, Lesosky M, Vanoirbeek J, Mortimer K, Nawrot T, Nemery B, Nachega JB. PMID: 38233832; PMCID: PMC10792790.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 1     Fields:    Translation:HumansPHPublic Health
    3. primerJinn: a tool for rationally designing multiplex PCR primer sets for amplicon sequencing and performing in silico PCR. BMC Bioinformatics. 2023 Dec 12; 24(1):468. Limberis JD, Metcalfe JZ. PMID: 38082220; PMCID: PMC10714587.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 1     Fields:    Translation:Cells
    4. Bedaquiline resistance in patients with drug-resistant tuberculosis in Cape Town, South Africa: a retrospective longitudinal cohort study. Lancet Microbe. 2023 12; 4(12):e972-e982. Derendinger B, Dippenaar A, de Vos M, Huo S, Alberts R, Tadokera R, Limberis J, Sirgel F, Dolby T, Spies C, Reuter A, Folkerts M, Allender C, Lemmer D, Van Rie A, Gagneux S, Rigouts L, Te Riele J, Dheda K, Engelthaler DM, Warren R, Metcalfe J, Cox H, Theron G. PMID: 37931638; PMCID: PMC10842724.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 9     Fields:    Translation:HumansCells
    5. Time to Extubation Among ARDS Subjects With and Without COVID-19 Pneumonia. Respir Care. 2023 10; 68(10):1340-1346. Burns GD, Phillips JS, Kallet RH, Glidden DV, Hendrickson CM, Metcalfe JZ. PMID: 37280079; PMCID: PMC10506654.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 2     Fields:    Translation:HumansPHPublic Health
    6. Circularization of rv0678 for Genotypic Bedaquiline Resistance Testing of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Microbiol Spectr. 2023 Mar 06; e0412722. Limberis JD, Nalyvayko A, Ernst JD, Metcalfe JZ. PMID: 36877083; PMCID: PMC10100719.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 1     Fields:    
    7. Alternative Methods for Therapeutic Drug Monitoring and Dose Adjustment of Tuberculosis Treatment in Clinical Settings: A Systematic Review. Clin Pharmacokinet. 2023 03; 62(3):375-398. Rao PS, Modi N, Nguyen NT, Vu DH, Xie YL, Gandhi M, Gerona R, Metcalfe J, Heysell SK, Alffenaar JC. PMID: 36869170; PMCID: PMC10042915.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 6     Fields:    Translation:Humans
    8. The 2021 WHO catalogue of Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex mutations associated with drug resistance: A genotypic analysis. Lancet Microbe. 2022 04; 3(4):e265-e273. Walker TM, Miotto P, Köser CU, Fowler PW, Knaggs J, Iqbal Z, Hunt M, Chindelevitch L, Farhat M, Cirillo DM, Comas I, Posey J, Omar SV, Peto TE, Suresh A, Uplekar S, Laurent S, Colman RE, Nathanson CM, Zignol M, Walker AS, CRyPTIC Consortium, Seq&Treat Consortium, Crook DW, Ismail N, Rodwell TC. PMID: 35373160; PMCID: PMC7612554.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 94     Fields:    Translation:Cells
    9. Frequent Suboptimal Thermocycler Ramp Rate Usage Negatively Impacts GenoType MTBDRsl VER 2.0 Performance for Second-Line Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis Diagnosis. J Mol Diagn. 2022 05; 24(5):494-502. Derendinger B, de Vos M, Pillay S, Venter R, Metcalfe J, Ghebrekristos Y, Minnies S, Dolby T, Beylis N, Warren R, Theron G. PMID: 35108607; PMCID: PMC9127458.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 2     Fields:    Translation:HumansCells
    10. TB prevalence in Zimbabwe: a national cross-sectional survey, 2014. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis. 2022 Jan 01; 26(1):57-64. Chipinduro M, Timire C, Chirenda J, Matambo R, Munemo E, Makamure B, Nhidza AF, Tinago W, Chikwasha V, Ngwenya M, Mutsvangwa J, Metcalfe JZ, Sandy C. PMID: 34969430; PMCID: PMC8895472.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions:    Fields:    Translation:HumansCells
    11. Comparative Performance of Genomic Methods for the Detection of Pyrazinamide Resistance and Heteroresistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis. J Clin Microbiol. 2022 01 19; 60(1):e0190721. Whitfield MG, Engelthaler DM, Allender C, Folkerts M, Heupink TH, Limberis J, Warren RM, Van Rie A, Metcalfe JZ. PMID: 34757831; PMCID: PMC8769725.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 4     Fields:    Translation:HumansCells
    12. Genetic variants and their association with phenotypic resistance to bedaquiline in Mycobacterium tuberculosis: a systematic review and individual isolate data analysis. Lancet Microbe. 2021 11; 2(11):e604-e616. Ismail N, Rivière E, Limberis J, Huo S, Metcalfe JZ, Warren RM, Van Rie A. PMID: 34796339; PMCID: PMC8597953.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 24     Fields:    Translation:HumansAnimalsCells
    13. Catastrophic costs among tuberculosis-affected households in Zimbabwe: A national health facility-based survey. Trop Med Int Health. 2021 10; 26(10):1248-1255. Timire C, Ngwenya M, Chirenda J, Metcalfe JZ, Kranzer K, Pedrazzoli D, Takarinda KC, Nguhiu P, Madzingaidzo G, Ndlovu K, Mapuranga T, Cornell M, Sandy C. PMID: 34192392; PMCID: PMC8519355.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 19     Fields:    Translation:Humans
    14. Genetic variants and their association with phenotypic resistance to bedaquiline in Mycobacterium tuberculosis: a systematic review and individual isolate data analysis. The Lancet Microbe. 2021 Aug 1. Ismail IN, Rivière RE, Limberis LJ, Huo HS, Metcalfe MJ, Warren WR, Van Rie VA. .
      View in: Publisher Site   Mentions:
    15. Health care seeking patterns of rifampicin-resistant tuberculosis patients in Harare, Zimbabwe: A prospective cohort study. PLoS One. 2021; 16(7):e0254204. Tadokera R, Huo S, Theron G, Timire C, Manyau-Makumbirofa S, Metcalfe JZ. PMID: 34270593; PMCID: PMC8284678.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 6     Fields:    Translation:Humans
    16. Xpert Mycobacterium tuberculosis/Rifampicin-Detected Rifampicin Resistance is a Suboptimal Surrogate for Multidrug-resistant Tuberculosis in Eastern Democratic Republic of the Congo: Diagnostic and Clinical Implications. Clin Infect Dis. 2021 07 15; 73(2):e362-e370. Bisimwa BC, Nachega JB, Warren RM, Theron G, Metcalfe JZ, Shah M, Diacon AH, Sam-Agudu NA, Yotebieng M, Bulabula ANH, Katoto PDMC, Chirambiza JP, Nyota R, Birembano FM, Musafiri EM, Byadunia S, Bahizire E, Kaswa MK, Callens S, Kashongwe ZM. PMID: 32590841; PMCID: PMC8282324.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 5     Fields:    Translation:HumansCells
    17. Diagnostic accuracy of a liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry assay in small hair samples for rifampin-resistant tuberculosis drug concentrations in a routine care setting. BMC Infect Dis. 2021 Jan 22; 21(1):99. Metcalfe J, Bacchetti P, Esmail A, Reckers A, Aguilar D, Wen A, Huo S, Muyindike WR, Hahn JA, Dheda K, Gandhi M, Gerona R. PMID: 33482745; PMCID: PMC7821664.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 3     Fields:    Translation:HumansCells
    18. Development and validation of a liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry method for quantifying delamanid and its metabolite in small hair samples. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci. 2021 Apr 15; 1169:122467. Reckers A, Huo S, Esmail A, Dheda K, Bacchetti P, Gandhi M, Metcalfe J, Gerona R. PMID: 33713954; PMCID: PMC7987786.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 3     Fields:    Translation:Humans
    19. Treatment success, but living with the consequences of post-tuberculosis sequelae. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis. 2020 07 01; 24(7):657-658. Tadyanemhandu C, Chirenda J, Garvey C, Metcalfe J. PMID: 32718395; PMCID: PMC9172971.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 5     Fields:    Translation:Humans
    20. Validated LC-MS/MS Panel for Quantifying 11 Drug-Resistant TB Medications in Small Hair Samples. J Vis Exp. 2020 05 19; (159). Reckers A, Wen A, Aguilar D, Bacchetti P, Gandhi M, Metcalfe J, Gerona R. PMID: 32510502.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 2     Fields:    Translation:Humans
    21. Presentation and outcome of suspected sepsis in a high-HIV burden, high antiretroviral coverage setting. Int J Infect Dis. 2020 Jul; 96:276-283. Chaka W, Berger C, Huo S, Robertson V, Tachiona C, Magwenzi M, Magombei T, Mpamhanga C, Katzenstein D, Metcalfe J. PMID: 32289564; PMCID: PMC8040698.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 3     Fields:    Translation:Humans
    22. Correlation of Linezolid Hair Concentrations with Plasma Exposure in Patients with Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2020 02 21; 64(3). Wasserman S, Huo S, Ky K, Malig YN, Esmail A, Dheda K, Bacchetti P, Gerona R, Maartens G, Gandhi M, Metcalfe J. PMID: 31932382; PMCID: PMC7038252.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 1     Fields:    Translation:Humans
    23. Minority Mycobacterium tuberculosis Genotypic Populations as an Indicator of Subsequent Phenotypic Resistance. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol. 2019 12; 61(6):789-791. Engelthaler DM, Streicher EM, Kelley EJ, Allender CJ, Wiggins K, Jimenez D, Lemmer D, Vittinghoff E, Theron G, Sirgel FA, Warren RM, Metcalfe JZ. PMID: 31774334; PMCID: PMC6890401.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 10     Fields:    Translation:HumansCells
    24. More should be done now for patients with TB-associated chronic lung disease. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis. 2019 10 01; 23(10):1122-1123. Tadyanemhandu C, Garvey C, Chin A, Metcalfe J. PMID: 31627778; PMCID: PMC6849379.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions:    Fields:    Translation:Humans
    25. Prevalence of drug-resistant tuberculosis in Zimbabwe: A health facility-based cross-sectional survey. Int J Infect Dis. 2019 Oct; 87:119-125. Timire C, Metcalfe JZ, Chirenda J, Scholten JN, Manyame-Murwira B, Ngwenya M, Matambo R, Charambira K, Mutunzi H, Kalisvaart N, Sandy C. PMID: 31357057; PMCID: PMC9586843.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 12     Fields:    Translation:HumansCells
    26. Simultaneous analysis of 11 medications for drug resistant TB in small hair samples to quantify adherence and exposure using a validated LC-MS/MS panel. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci. 2019 09 01; 1125:121729. Gerona R, Wen A, Aguilar D, Shum J, Reckers A, Bacchetti P, Gandhi M, Metcalfe J. PMID: 31369929; PMCID: PMC6711392.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 6     Fields:    Translation:Humans
    27. Point of care Xpert MTB/RIF versus smear microscopy for tuberculosis diagnosis in southern African primary care clinics: a multicentre economic evaluation. Lancet Glob Health. 2019 06; 7(6):e798-e807. Pooran A, Theron G, Zijenah L, Chanda D, Clowes P, Mwenge L, Mutenherwa F, Lecesse P, Metcalfe J, Sohn H, Hoelscher M, Pym A, Peter J, Dowdy D, Dheda K. PMID: 31097281; PMCID: PMC7197817.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 23     Fields:    Translation:Humans
    28. Bedaquiline Microheteroresistance after Cessation of Tuberculosis Treatment. N Engl J Med. 2019 05 30; 380(22):2178-2180. de Vos M, Ley SD, Wiggins KB, Derendinger B, Dippenaar A, Grobbelaar M, Reuter A, Dolby T, Burns S, Schito M, Engelthaler DM, Metcalfe J, Theron G, van Rie A, Posey J, Warren R, Cox H. PMID: 31141643; PMCID: PMC6518951.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 31     Fields:    Translation:HumansCells
    29. Association of anti-tuberculosis drug concentrations in hair and treatment outcomes in MDR- and XDR-TB. ERJ Open Res. 2019 Apr; 5(2). Metcalfe J, Bacchetti P, Gerona R, Esmail A, Dheda K, Gandhi M. PMID: 31041318; PMCID: PMC6484095.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 8  
    30. Effect of Xpert MTB/RIF on clinical outcomes in routine care settings: individual patient data meta-analysis. Lancet Glob Health. 2019 02; 7(2):e191-e199. Di Tanna GL, Khaki AR, Theron G, McCarthy K, Cox H, Mupfumi L, Trajman A, Zijenah LS, Mason P, Bandason T, Durovni B, Bara W, Hoelscher M, Clowes P, Mangu C, Chanda D, Pym A, Mwaba P, Cobelens F, Nicol MP, Dheda K, Churchyard G, Fielding K, Metcalfe JZ. PMID: 30683238; PMCID: PMC6366854.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 43     Fields:    Translation:HumansCells
    31. Chronic lung disease in adult recurrent tuberculosis survivors in Zimbabwe: a cohort study. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis. 2019 02 01; 23(2):203-211. Chin AT, Rylance J, Makumbirofa S, Meffert S, Vu T, Clayton J, Mason P, Woodruff P, Metcalfe J. PMID: 30808453; PMCID: PMC6860915.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 19     Fields:    Translation:Humans
    32. Tuberculosis outbreak investigation using phylodynamic analysis. Epidemics. 2018 12; 25:47-53. Kühnert D, Coscolla M, Brites D, Stucki D, Metcalfe J, Fenner L, Gagneux S, Stadler T. PMID: 29880306; PMCID: PMC6227250.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 11     Fields:    Translation:HumansCellsPHPublic Health
    33. Cryptic Microheteroresistance Explains Mycobacterium tuberculosis Phenotypic Resistance. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2017 11 01; 196(9):1191-1201. Metcalfe JZ, Streicher E, Theron G, Colman RE, Allender C, Lemmer D, Warren R, Engelthaler DM. PMID: 28614668; PMCID: PMC5694839.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 23     Fields:    Translation:Cells
    34. Mycobacterium tuberculosis Subculture Results in Loss of Potentially Clinically Relevant Heteroresistance. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2017 11; 61(11). Metcalfe JZ, Streicher E, Theron G, Colman RE, Penaloza R, Allender C, Lemmer D, Warren RM, Engelthaler DM. PMID: 28893776; PMCID: PMC5655066.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 34     Fields:    Translation:HumansCells
    35. An LC-MS/MS-based method to analyze the anti-tuberculosis drug bedaquiline in hair. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis. 2017 09 01; 21(9):1069-1070. Metcalfe J, Gerona R, Wen A, Bacchetti P, Gandhi M. PMID: 28826458; PMCID: PMC5701570.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 6     Fields:    Translation:Humans
    36. Elucidating the role of clofazimine for the treatment of tuberculosis. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis. 2016 12 01; 20(12):52-57. O'Donnell MR, Padayatchi N, Metcalfe JZ. PMID: 28240574.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 11     Fields:    Translation:HumansAnimalsCells
    37. Chronic lung disease in HIV-infected children established on antiretroviral therapy. AIDS. 2016 11 28; 30(18):2795-2803. Rylance J, Mchugh G, Metcalfe J, Mujuru H, Nathoo K, Wilmore S, Rowland-Jones S, Majonga E, Kranzer K, Ferrand RA. PMID: 27662546; PMCID: PMC5106089.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 33     Fields:    Translation:Humans
    38. Tuberculosis progression rates in U.S. Immigrants following screening with interferon-gamma release assays. BMC Public Health. 2016 08 25; 16(1):875. Blount RJ, Tran MC, Everett CK, Cattamanchi A, Metcalfe JZ, Connor D, Miller CR, Grinsdale J, Higashi J, Nahid P. PMID: 27558397; PMCID: PMC4997768.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 5     Fields:    Translation:HumansCells
    39. Serial testing for latent tuberculosis using QuantiFERON-TB Gold In-Tube: A Markov model. Sci Rep. 2016 07 29; 6:30781. Moses MW, Zwerling A, Cattamanchi A, Denkinger CM, Banaei N, Kik SV, Metcalfe J, Pai M, Dowdy D. PMID: 27469388; PMCID: PMC4965809.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 16     Fields:    Translation:HumansPHPublic Health
    40. Xpert(®) MTB/RIF detection of rifampin resistance and time to treatment initiation in Harare, Zimbabwe. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis. 2016 07; 20(7):882-9. Metcalfe JZ, Makumbirofa S, Makamure B, Sandy C, Bara W, Mason P, Hopewell PC. PMID: 27287639; PMCID: PMC4961684.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 15     Fields:    Translation:HumansCells
    41. A multi-analyte panel for non-invasive pharmacokinetic monitoring of second-line anti-tuberculosis drugs. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis. 2016 07; 20(7):991-2. Gerona R, Wen A, Koss C, Bacchetti P, Gandhi M, Metcalfe J. PMID: 27287660; PMCID: PMC5119745.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 6     Fields:    Translation:Humans
    42. Quantifying Isoniazid Levels in Small Hair Samples: A Novel Method for Assessing Adherence during the Treatment of Latent and Active Tuberculosis. PLoS One. 2016; 11(5):e0155887. Gerona R, Wen A, Chin AT, Koss CA, Bacchetti P, Metcalfe J, Gandhi M. PMID: 27191185; PMCID: PMC4871544.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 12     Fields:    Translation:Humans
    43. Re-inventing adherence: toward a patient-centered model of care for drug-resistant tuberculosis and HIV. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis. 2016 Apr; 20(4):430-4. O'Donnell MR, Daftary A, Frick M, Hirsch-Moverman Y, Amico KR, Senthilingam M, Wolf A, Metcalfe JZ, Isaakidis P, Davis JL, Zelnick JR, Brust JC, Naidu N, Garretson M, Bangsberg DR, Padayatchi N, Friedland G. PMID: 26970149; PMCID: PMC4863995.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 37     Fields:    Translation:Humans
    44. G276(P) Chronic respiratory morbidity among HIV-infected children in Zimbabwe; a comparison of ART naïve and treated cohorts. Archives of Disease in Childhood. 2016 Apr 1; 101(Suppl 1):a156. Rylance RS, Rylance RJ, McHugh MG, Mujuru MH, Munyati MS, Bandason BT, Metcalfe MJ, Kranzer KK, Ferrand FR. .
      View in: Publisher Site   Mentions:
    45. Moving Beyond Directly Observed Therapy for Tuberculosis. PLoS Med. 2015 Sep; 12(9):e1001877. Metcalfe JZ, O'Donnell MR, Bangsberg DR. PMID: 26372602; PMCID: PMC4570797.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 13     Fields:    Translation:Humans
    46. Suboptimal specificity of Xpert MTB/RIF among treatment-experienced patients. Eur Respir J. 2015 May; 45(5):1504-6. Metcalfe JZ, Makumbirofa S, Makamure B, Mutetwa R, Peñaloza RA, Sandy C, Bara W, Mungofa S, Hopewell PC, Mason P. PMID: 25792637; PMCID: PMC4948946.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 10     Fields:    Translation:HumansCellsPHPublic Health
    47. Genomic epidemiology of multidrug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis during transcontinental spread. J Infect Dis. 2015 Jul 15; 212(2):302-10. Coscolla M, Barry PM, Oeltmann JE, Koshinsky H, Shaw T, Cilnis M, Posey J, Rose J, Weber T, Fofanov VY, Gagneux S, Kato-Maeda M, Metcalfe JZ. PMID: 25601940; PMCID: PMC4490235.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 17     Fields:    Translation:HumansCellsPHPublic Health
    48. Analysis of Green Light Committee implementation and acquisition of second-line drug resistance. Clin Infect Dis. 2015 Mar 15; 60(6):970. Metcalfe JZ, Vittinghoff E, Hopewell PC. PMID: 25527651; PMCID: PMC6276940.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 1     Fields:    Translation:HumansCells
    49. Xpert MTB/RIF false detection of rifampin-resistant tuberculosis from prior infection. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2014 Dec 01; 190(11):1316-8. Kelly JD, Grace Lin SY, Barry PM, Keh C, Higashi J, Metcalfe JZ. PMID: 25436783; PMCID: PMC5446205.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 6     Fields:    Translation:HumansCells
    50. Reproducibility of interferon gamma (IFN-γ) release Assays. A systematic review. Ann Am Thorac Soc. 2014 Oct; 11(8):1267-76. Tagmouti S, Slater M, Benedetti A, Kik SV, Banaei N, Cattamanchi A, Metcalfe J, Dowdy D, van Zyl Smit R, Dendukuri N, Pai M, Denkinger C. PMID: 25188809; PMCID: PMC5469356.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 45     Fields:    Translation:Humans
    51. Empiric tuberculosis treatment in retreatment patients in high HIV/tuberculosis-burden settings. Lancet Infect Dis. 2014 Sep; 14(9):794-5. Metcalfe JZ, Mason P, Mungofa S, Sandy C, Hopewell PC. PMID: 25164190; PMCID: PMC4317243.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 10     Fields:    Translation:HumansCells
    52. Impact of Xpert MTB/RIF on Antiretroviral Therapy-Associated Tuberculosis and Mortality: A Pragmatic Randomized Controlled Trial. Open Forum Infect Dis. 2014 Mar; 1(1):ofu038. Mupfumi L, Makamure B, Chirehwa M, Sagonda T, Zinyowera S, Mason P, Metcalfe JZ, Mutetwa R. PMID: 25734106; PMCID: PMC4324195.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 30  
    53. Impact of GeneXpert MTB/RIF on patients and tuberculosis programs in a low-burden setting. a hypothetical trial. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2014 Jun 15; 189(12):1551-9. Davis JL, Kawamura LM, Chaisson LH, Grinsdale J, Benhammou J, Ho C, Babst A, Banouvong H, Metcalfe JZ, Pandori M, Hopewell PC, Cattamanchi A. PMID: 24869625; PMCID: PMC4226012.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 17     Fields:    Translation:HumansCellsPHPublic Health
    54. Drug-resistant tuberculosis in high-risk groups, Zimbabwe. Emerg Infect Dis. 2014 Jan; 20(1):135-7. Metcalfe JZ, Makumbirofa S, Makamure B, Sandy C, Bara W, Mungofa S, Hopewell PC, Mason P. PMID: 24377879; PMCID: PMC3884722.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 14     Fields:    Translation:HumansCells
    55. Gamma interferon release assays for detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection. Clin Microbiol Rev. 2014 Jan; 27(1):3-20. Pai M, Denkinger CM, Kik SV, Rangaka MX, Zwerling A, Oxlade O, Metcalfe JZ, Cattamanchi A, Dowdy DW, Dheda K, Banaei N. PMID: 24396134; PMCID: PMC3910908.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 327     Fields:    Translation:HumansCells
    56. Rapid molecular testing for TB to guide respiratory isolation in the U.S.: a cost-benefit analysis. PLoS One. 2013; 8(11):e79669. Millman AJ, Dowdy DW, Miller CR, Brownell R, Metcalfe JZ, Cattamanchi A, Davis JL. PMID: 24278155; PMCID: PMC3835836.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 18     Fields:    Translation:HumansCells
    57. Rifampin monoresistant tuberculosis and HIV comorbidity in California, 1993-2008: a retrospective cohort study. AIDS. 2013 Oct 23; 27(16):2615-22. Prach LM, Pascopella L, Barry PM, Flood J, Porco TC, Hopewell PC, Metcalfe JZ. PMID: 23842135; PMCID: PMC4296030.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 5     Fields:    Translation:HumansCells
    58. A transcriptional signature for active TB: have we found the needle in the haystack? PLoS Med. 2013 Oct; 10(10):e1001539. Cattamanchi A, Walter ND, Metcalfe JZ, Davis JL. PMID: 24167454; PMCID: PMC3805486.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 2     Fields:    Translation:Humans
    59. Systematic review of clofazimine for the treatment of drug-resistant tuberculosis. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis. 2013 Aug; 17(8):1001-7. Gopal M, Padayatchi N, Metcalfe JZ, O'Donnell MR. PMID: 23541151; PMCID: PMC4003893.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 64     Fields:    Translation:HumansAnimalsCells
    60. Tuberculosis and HIV co-infection, California, USA, 1993–2008. Emerg Infect Dis. 2013 Mar; 19(3):400-6. Metcalfe JZ, Porco TC, Westenhouse J, Damesyn M, Facer M, Hill J, Xia Q, Watt JP, Hopewell PC, Flood J. PMID: 23745218; PMCID: PMC3648844.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 11     Fields:    Translation:Humans
    61. Microscopic-observation drug-susceptibility assay for the diagnosis of drug-resistant tuberculosis in Harare, Zimbabwe. PLoS One. 2013; 8(2):e55872. Makamure B, Mhaka J, Makumbirofa S, Mutetwa R, Mupfumi L, Mason P, Metcalfe JZ. PMID: 23409072; PMCID: PMC3569460.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 12     Fields:    Translation:HumansCells
    62. Test variability of the QuantiFERON-TB gold in-tube assay in clinical practice. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2013 Jan 15; 187(2):206-11. Metcalfe JZ, Cattamanchi A, McCulloch CE, Lew JD, Ha NP, Graviss EA. PMID: 23103734; PMCID: PMC3570654.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 69     Fields:    Translation:Humans
    63. Impact of isoniazid resistance-conferring mutations on the clinical presentation of isoniazid monoresistant tuberculosis. PLoS One. 2012; 7(5):e37956. Dantes R, Metcalfe J, Kim E, Kato-Maeda M, Hopewell PC, Kawamura M, Nahid P, Cattamanchi A. PMID: 22649569; PMCID: PMC3359338.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 4     Fields:    Translation:HumansCells
    64. A causal framework for understanding the effect of losses to follow-up on epidemiologic analyses in clinic-based cohorts: the case of HIV-infected patients on antiretroviral therapy in Africa. Am J Epidemiol. 2012 May 15; 175(10):1080-7. Geng EH, Glidden DV, Bangsberg DR, Bwana MB, Musinguzi N, Nash D, Metcalfe JZ, Yiannoutsos CT, Martin JN, Petersen ML. PMID: 22306557; PMCID: PMC3353135.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 33     Fields:    Translation:Humans
    65. Interferon-γ release assays for active pulmonary tuberculosis diagnosis in adults in low- and middle-income countries: systematic review and meta-analysis. J Infect Dis. 2011 Nov 15; 204 Suppl 4:S1120-9. Metcalfe JZ, Everett CK, Steingart KR, Cattamanchi A, Huang L, Hopewell PC, Pai M. PMID: 21996694; PMCID: PMC3192542.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 123     Fields:    Translation:Humans
    66. TB/HIV: an orphan disease? Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2011 Jun 01; 183(11):1441-2. Brust JC, O'Donnell MR, Metcalfe JZ. PMID: 21642250.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions:    Fields:    Translation:Humans
    67. Interferon-gamma release assays for the diagnosis of latent tuberculosis infection in HIV-infected individuals: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr. 2011 Mar 01; 56(3):230-8. Cattamanchi A, Smith R, Steingart KR, Metcalfe JZ, Date A, Coleman C, Marston BJ, Huang L, Hopewell PC, Pai M. PMID: 21239993; PMCID: PMC3383328.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 119     Fields:    Translation:Humans
    68. Genotyping of Mycobacterium tuberculosis: application in epidemiologic studies. Future Microbiol. 2011 Feb; 6(2):203-16. Kato-Maeda M, Metcalfe JZ, Flores L. PMID: 21366420; PMCID: PMC4296029.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 62     Fields:    Translation:HumansCells
    69. Determinants of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis clusters, California, USA, 2004-2007. Emerg Infect Dis. 2010 Sep; 16(9):1403-9. Metcalfe JZ, Kim EY, Lin SY, Cattamanchi A, Oh P, Flood J, Hopewell PC, Kato-Maeda M. PMID: 20735924; PMCID: PMC3294976.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 10     Fields:    Translation:HumansCells
    70. Evolution of tuberculosis/HIV co-infection in California during the HAART Era, 1996-2007. Retrovirology. 2010 May 1; 7(Suppl 1):o1. Metcalfe MJ, Facer FM, Damesyn DM, Xia XQ, Watt WJ, Hill HJ, Hopewell HP, Westenhouse WJ, Flood FJ. .
      View in: Publisher Site   Mentions:
    71. Clinical and radiographic factors do not accurately diagnose smear-negative tuberculosis in HIV-infected inpatients in Uganda: a cross-sectional study. PLoS One. 2010 Mar 26; 5(3):e9859. Davis JL, Worodria W, Kisembo H, Metcalfe JZ, Cattamanchi A, Kawooya M, Kyeyune R, den Boon S, Powell K, Okello R, Yoo S, Huang L. PMID: 20361038; PMCID: PMC2845634.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 35     Fields:    Translation:HumansCells
    72. Evaluation of quantitative IFN-gamma response for risk stratification of active tuberculosis suspects. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2010 Jan 01; 181(1):87-93. Metcalfe JZ, Cattamanchi A, Vittinghoff E, Ho C, Grinsdale J, Hopewell PC, Kawamura LM, Nahid P. PMID: 19797760; PMCID: PMC2797629.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 15     Fields:    Translation:Humans
    73. Clinical characteristics and treatment outcomes of patients with isoniazid-monoresistant tuberculosis. Clin Infect Dis. 2009 Jan 15; 48(2):179-85. Cattamanchi A, Dantes RB, Metcalfe JZ, Jarlsberg LG, Grinsdale J, Kawamura LM, Osmond D, Hopewell PC, Nahid P. PMID: 19086909; PMCID: PMC2756509.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 66     Fields:    Translation:HumansCells
    74. Leptospirosis-associated severe pulmonary hemorrhagic syndrome, Salvador, Brazil. Emerg Infect Dis. 2008 Mar; 14(3):505-8. Gouveia EL, Metcalfe J, de Carvalho AL, Aires TS, Villasboas-Bisneto JC, Queirroz A, Santos AC, Salgado K, Reis MG, Ko AI. PMID: 18325275; PMCID: PMC2570821.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 121     Fields:    Translation:HumansPHPublic Health
    75. Endemic malaria in the Peruvian Amazon region of Iquitos. Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2003 Jul; 69(1):45-52. Roshanravan B, Kari E, Gilman RH, Cabrera L, Lee E, Metcalfe J, Calderon M, Lescano AG, Montenegro SH, Calampa C, Vinetz JM. PMID: 12932096.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 76     Fields:    Translation:HumansAnimalsPHPublic Health
    76. Carriage of Extended-Spectrum Beta-Lactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae in HIV-infected children in Zimbabwe. Accepted, Journal of Medical Microbiology. Stephanie Margaret Selike Wilmore, MRCP, MSc; Katharina Kranzer; Alan Williams; Beauty Makamure; Agness Nhdiza; Justin Mayini; Tsitsi Bandason; John Metcalfe; Mark Nicol; Indran Balakrishnan; Matthew Ellington; Neil Woodford; Susan Hopkins; Tim D McHugh; Rashida Ferrand. .
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