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Elizabeth Whitlock, MD, MS

Title(s)Assistant Professor, Anesthesia
SchoolSchool of Medicine
Phone415-514-3755
ORCID ORCID Icon0000-0002-6868-4301 Additional info
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    My research centers on understanding cognitive change over time in the elderly, particularly as it relates to surgery and anesthesia, using population-based data sources. I am also interested in potentially modifiable risk factors for adverse anesthesia-related outcomes, including myocardial and cerebral ischemia, perioperative mortality, and postoperative delirium.

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    Collapse Research Activities and Funding
    Impact of Coronary Revascularization on Longitudinal Cognitive Change in the Elderly
    NIH/NIA R03AG059822Aug 1, 2018 - Jul 31, 2020
    Role: Principal Investigator

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    Collapse Publications
    Publications listed below are automatically derived from MEDLINE/PubMed and other sources, which might result in incorrect or missing publications. Researchers can login to make corrections and additions, or contact us for help.
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    1. Whitlock EL, Grisell Diaz-Ramirez L, Avidan MS. Surgery and persistent cognitive decline: a commentary and an independent discussion. Br J Anaesth. 2019 Dec 12. PMID: 31839254.
      View in: PubMed
    2. Whitlock EL, Avidan MS. Three blind mice: a tail of discordant trials. Br J Anaesth. 2019 Oct 29. PMID: 31676036.
      View in: PubMed
    3. Whitlock EL, Whittington RA. Aging Gracefully: The Evolution of Perioperative Care for Older Adults. Anesthesiol Clin. 2019 Sep; 37(3):xv-xvi. PMID: 31337489.
      View in: PubMed
    4. Donovan AL, Whitlock EL. Intraoperative dexmedetomidine to prevent postoperative delirium: in search of the magic bullet. Can J Anaesth. 2019 04; 66(4):365-370. PMID: 30710259.
      View in: PubMed
    5. Whitlock EL, Sleigh J. Are we overdosing older patients? Br J Anaesth. 2019 09; 123(3):257-258. PMID: 30915995.
      View in: PubMed
    6. Whitlock EL, Diaz-Ramirez LG, Smith AK, Boscardin WJ, Avidan MS, Glymour MM. Cognitive Change After Cardiac Surgery Versus Cardiac Catheterization: A Population-Based Study. Ann Thorac Surg. 2019 04; 107(4):1119-1125. PMID: 30578068.
      View in: PubMed
    7. Whitlock EL, Finlayson E. Depth of Propofol Sedation and Postoperative Delirium: The Jury Is Still Out. JAMA Surg. 2018 11 01; 153(11):996. PMID: 30090922.
      View in: PubMed
    8. Aranake-Chrisinger A, Whitlock EL, Avidan MS. We may be Homo sapiens, but anaesthetists are merely apes when evaluating risk. Br J Anaesth. 2018 Oct; 121(4):702-705. PMID: 30236232.
      View in: PubMed
    9. Bartels DD, McCann ME, Davidson AJ, Polaner DM, Whitlock EL, Bateman BT. Estimating pediatric general anesthesia exposure: Quantifying duration and risk. Paediatr Anaesth. 2018 06; 28(6):520-527. PMID: 29722100.
      View in: PubMed
    10. Chiu C, Aleshi P, Esserman LJ, Inglis-Arkell C, Yap E, Whitlock EL, Harbell MW. Improved analgesia and reduced post-operative nausea and vomiting after implementation of an enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) pathway for total mastectomy. BMC Anesthesiol. 2018 04 16; 18(1):41. PMID: 29661153.
      View in: PubMed
    11. Adelmann D, Bicknell L, Niemann CU, Feiner J, Roll GR, Burdine L, Whitlock EL. Central venous pressure monitoring in living donor kidney recipients does not affect immediate graft function: A propensity score analysis. Clin Transplant. 2018 05; 32(5):e13238. PMID: 29526051.
      View in: PubMed
    12. Whitlock EL, Lane RK. Do Not Resuscitate and the Surgical Patient: Not a Contradiction in Terms. Anesth Analg. 2017 11; 125(5):1438-1440. PMID: 29049106.
      View in: PubMed
    13. Sinskey JL, Rollins MD, Whitlock E, Moon-Grady AJ, Vu L, Feiner JR, Ferschl MB. Incidence and Management of Umbilical Artery Flow Abnormalities during Open Fetal Surgery. Fetal Diagn Ther. 2018; 43(4):274-283. PMID: 28848121.
      View in: PubMed
    14. Whitlock EL, Diaz-Ramirez LG, Glymour MM, Boscardin WJ, Covinsky KE, Smith AK. Association Between Persistent Pain and Memory Decline and Dementia in a Longitudinal Cohort of Elders. JAMA Intern Med. 2017 08 01; 177(8):1146-1153. PMID: 28586818.
      View in: PubMed
    15. E.L. Whitlock, L. Diaz-Ramirez, M. Glymour, J. Boscardin, K.E. Covinsky, A.K. Smith. CHRONIC PAIN PREDICTS ACCELERATED MEMORY DECLINE AND DEMENTIA. Innovation in Aging. 2017 Jul 1; 1(suppl_1):467-467.
      View in: Publisher Site
    16. Elizabeth L. Whitlock, John R. Feiner, Lee-lynn Chen. Perioperative Mortality, 2010 to 2014. Survey of Anesthesiology. 2016 Jun 1; 60(3):124.
      View in: Publisher Site
    17. Whitlock EL, Feiner JR, Chen LL. In Reply. Anesthesiology. 2016 06; 124(6):1419. PMID: 27187132.
      View in: PubMed
    18. Whitlock EL, Feiner JR, Chen LL. Perioperative Mortality, 2010 to 2014: A Retrospective Cohort Study Using the National Anesthesia Clinical Outcomes Registry. Anesthesiology. 2015 Dec; 123(6):1312-21. PMID: 26492481.
      View in: PubMed
    19. Whitlock EL. Importance of "default" intraoperative ventilator settings. BMJ. 2015 Sep 30; 351:h5125. PMID: 26423454.
      View in: PubMed
    20. Whitlock EL, Kim H, Auerbach AD. Harms associated with single unit perioperative transfusion: retrospective population based analysis. BMJ. 2015 Jun 12; 350:h3037. PMID: 26070979.
      View in: PubMed
    21. Elizabeth L. Whitlock, Thomas L. Rodebaugh, Afton L. Hassett, Amy M. Shanks, Ellen Kolarik, Janet Houghtby, Hannah M. West, Beth A. Burnside, Erik Shumaker, Alex Villafranca, W. Alex Edwards, Cheri A. Levinson, Julia K. Langer, Katya C. Fernandez, Renee El-Gabalawy, Elizabeth Y. Zhou, Jitender Sareen, Eric Jacobsohn, George A. Mashour, Michael S. Avidan. Psychological Sequelae of Surgery in a Prospective Cohort of Patients From Three Intraoperative Awareness Prevention Trials. Survey of Anesthesiology. 2015 Jun 1; 59(3):147-148.
      View in: Publisher Site
    22. Elizabeth L. Whitlock, Matthias Behrends. Blood Transfusion and Postoperative Delirium. Current Anesthesiology Reports. 2015 Mar 1; 5(1):24-32.
      View in: Publisher Site
    23. Elizabeth L. Whitlock, Brian A. Torres, Nan Lin, Daniel L. Helsten, Molly R. Nadelson, George A. Mashour, Michael S. Avidan. Postoperative Delirium in a Substudy of Cardiothoracic Surgical Patients in the BAG-RECALL Clinical Trial. Survey of Anesthesiology. 2015 Feb 1; 59(1):4-5.
      View in: Publisher Site
    24. Whitlock EL, Rodebaugh TL, Hassett AL, Shanks AM, Kolarik E, Houghtby J, West HM, Burnside BA, Shumaker E, Villafranca A, Edwards WA, Levinson CA, Langer JK, Fernandez KC, El-Gabalawy R, Zhou EY, Sareen J, Jacobsohn E, Mashour GA, Avidan MS. Psychological sequelae of surgery in a prospective cohort of patients from three intraoperative awareness prevention trials. Anesth Analg. 2015 Jan; 120(1):87-95. PMID: 25383719.
      View in: PubMed
    25. Whitlock EL, Behrends M.Blood Transfusion and Postoperative Delirium. Current Anesthesiology Reports. 2014.
      View Publication
    26. Whitlock EL, Torres BA, Lin N, Helsten DL, Nadelson MR, Mashour GA, Avidan MS. Postoperative delirium in a substudy of cardiothoracic surgical patients in the BAG-RECALL clinical trial. Anesth Analg. 2014 Apr; 118(4):809-17. PMID: 24413548.
      View in: PubMed
    27. Elizabeth L. Whitlock, Michael S. Avidan, Sharon K. Inouye. Delirium. Neurologic Outcomes of Surgery and Anesthesia. 2013 May 1; 13-20.
      View in: Publisher Site
    28. Elliott Karren, Elizabeth L. Whitlock, Thomas L. Rodebaugh, Michael S. Avidan. Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Following Surgery, Intensive Care, and Intraoperative Awareness. Neurologic Outcomes of Surgery and Anesthesia. 2013 May 1; 47-56.
      View in: Publisher Site
    29. Miklos D. Kertai, Elizabeth L. Whitlock, Michael S. Avidan. Brain Monitoring With Electroencephalography and the Electroencephalogram-Derived Bispectral Index During Cardiac Surgery. Survey of Anesthesiology. 2012 Oct 1; 56(5):210-212.
      View in: Publisher Site
    30. Kertai MD, Whitlock EL, Avidan MS. Brain monitoring with electroencephalography and the electroencephalogram-derived bispectral index during cardiac surgery. Anesth Analg. 2012 Mar; 114(3):533-46. PMID: 22253267.
      View in: PubMed
    31. Whitlock EL, Villafranca AJ, Lin N, Palanca BJ, Jacobsohn E, Finkel KJ, Zhang L, Burnside BA, Kaiser HA, Evers AS, Avidan MS. Relationship between bispectral index values and volatile anesthetic concentrations during the maintenance phase of anesthesia in the B-Unaware trial. Anesthesiology. 2011 Dec; 115(6):1209-18. PMID: 22037642.
      View in: PubMed
    32. Whitlock EL, Vannucci A, Avidan MS. Postoperative delirium. Minerva Anestesiol. 2011 Apr; 77(4):448-56. PMID: 21483389.
      View in: PubMed
    33. Whitlock EL, Myckatyn TM, Tong AY, Yee A, Yan Y, Magill CK, Johnson PJ, Mackinnon SE. Dynamic quantification of host Schwann cell migration into peripheral nerve allografts. Exp Neurol. 2010 Oct; 225(2):310-9. PMID: 20633557.
      View in: PubMed
    34. Whitlock EL, Brenner MJ, Fox IK, Moradzadeh A, Hunter DA, Mackinnon SE. Ropivacaine-induced peripheral nerve injection injury in the rodent model. Anesth Analg. 2010 Jul; 111(1):214-20. PMID: 20442258.
      View in: PubMed
    35. Whitlock EL, Kasukurthi R, Yan Y, Tung TH, Hunter DA, Mackinnon SE. Fibrin glue mitigates the learning curve of microneurosurgical repair. Microsurgery. 2010; 30(3):218-22. PMID: 20063379.
      View in: PubMed
    36. Moradzadeh A, Brenner MJ, Whitlock EL, Tong AY, Luciano JP, Hunter DA, Myckatyn TM, Mackinnon SE. Bipolar electrocautery: A rodent model of Sunderland third-degree nerve injury. Arch Facial Plast Surg. 2010 Jan-Feb; 12(1):40-7. PMID: 20083740.
      View in: PubMed
    37. Whitlock EL, Tuffaha SH, Luciano JP, Yan Y, Hunter DA, Magill CK, Moore AM, Tong AY, Mackinnon SE, Borschel GH. Processed allografts and type I collagen conduits for repair of peripheral nerve gaps. Muscle Nerve. 2009 Jun; 39(6):787-99. PMID: 19291791.
      View in: PubMed
    38. Magill C, Whitlock E, Solowski N, Myckatyn T. Transgenic models of nerve repair and nerve regeneration. Neurol Res. 2008 Dec; 30(10):1023-9. PMID: 19079976.
      View in: PubMed
    39. Arash Moradzadeh, Michael Joel Brenner, Elizabeth Whitlock, Janina Paula Delpilar Luciano, Terence Michael Myckatyn, Hunter Daniel, Alice Tong, Susan E. Mackinnon. R416 – Bipolar Cautery: Sunderland Third Degree Nerve Injury Model. Otolaryngology. 2008 Aug 1; 139(2_suppl):p182-p183.
      View in: Publisher Site
    40. Moradzadeh A, Borschel GH, Luciano JP, Whitlock EL, Hayashi A, Hunter DA, Mackinnon SE. The impact of motor and sensory nerve architecture on nerve regeneration. Exp Neurol. 2008 Aug; 212(2):370-6. PMID: 18550053.
      View in: PubMed
    41. Whitlock EL, Moradzadeh A, Hunter DA, Mackinnon SE. Pregabalin does not impact peripheral nerve regeneration after crush injury. J Reconstr Microsurg. 2007 Jul; 23(5):263-8. PMID: 17876729.
      View in: PubMed
    42. Hunter DA, Moradzadeh A, Whitlock EL, Brenner MJ, Myckatyn TM, Wei CH, Tung TH, Mackinnon SE. Binary imaging analysis for comprehensive quantitative histomorphometry of peripheral nerve. J Neurosci Methods. 2007 Oct 15; 166(1):116-24. PMID: 17675163.
      View in: PubMed
    43. Sadava D, Whitlock E, Kane SE. The green tea polyphenol, epigallocatechin-3-gallate inhibits telomerase and induces apoptosis in drug-resistant lung cancer cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2007 Aug 17; 360(1):233-7. PMID: 17585882.
      View in: PubMed
    44. Whitlock EL, Bridwell KH, Gilula LA. Influence of needle tip position on injectate spread in 406 interlaminar lumbar epidural steroid injections. Radiology. 2007 Jun; 243(3):804-11. PMID: 17463137.
      View in: PubMed
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