Alan Frankel, PhD

Title(s)Professor, Biochemistry and Biophysics
SchoolSchool of Medicine
Address600 16th Street, #S572C
San Francisco CA 94158
Phone415-476-9994
Emailfrankel@cgl.ucsf.edu
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    Collapse Overview 
    Collapse Websites
    Collapse Global Health Equity

    Collapse Research 
    Collapse Research Activities and Funding
    HARC Center: HIV Accessory and Regulatory Complexes
    NIH P50GM082250Aug 27, 2007 - Aug 31, 2022
    Role: Co-Principal Investigator
    Genetic Assay for Inhibitors of RNA-Protein Interactions
    NIH R42CA103407Sep 12, 2003 - Mar 31, 2008
    Role: Principal Investigator
    Genetic Assay for Inhibitors of RNA-Protein Interactions
    NIH R41CA103407Sep 12, 2003 - Mar 31, 2005
    Role: Principal Investigator
    Structure Biology and Targeted Drug Design for AIDS
    NIH P01GM056531Sep 1, 1997 - Aug 31, 2007
    Role: Co-Investigator
    Structural Diversity of RNA-Binding Proteins
    NIH R01GM047478Jan 1, 1993 - Apr 30, 2007
    Role: Principal Investigator
    Activity and inhibition of the TAT protein from HIV
    NIH R01AI029135Sep 30, 1989 - Nov 30, 2010
    Role: Principal Investigator
    STRUCTURE, MECHANISM AND INHIBITION OF HIV PROTEINS
    NIH P01GM039589Sep 1, 1987 - Jul 31, 2004
    Role: Co-Investigator
    Resource for Biocomputing, Visualization, and Informatics
    NIH/NCRR P41RR001081Jun 1, 1976 - Sep 14, 2012
    Role: Co-Investigator

    Collapse Bibliographic 
    Collapse Publications
    Publications listed below are automatically derived from MEDLINE/PubMed and other sources, which might result in incorrect or missing publications. Researchers can login to make corrections and additions, or contact us for help. to make corrections and additions.
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    Altmetrics Details PMC Citations indicate the number of times the publication was cited by articles in PubMed Central, and the Altmetric score represents citations in news articles and social media. (Note that publications are often cited in additional ways that are not shown here.) Fields are based on how the National Library of Medicine (NLM) classifies the publication's journal and might not represent the specific topic of the publication. Translation tags are based on the publication type and the MeSH terms NLM assigns to the publication. Some publications (especially newer ones and publications not in PubMed) might not yet be assigned Field or Translation tags.) Click a Field or Translation tag to filter the publications.
    1. The HIV-1 Nuclear Export Complex Reveals the Role of RNA in Crm1 Cargo Recognition. bioRxiv. 2024 Sep 22. Smith AM, Li Y, Velarde A, Cheng Y, Frankel AD. PMID: 39345625; PMCID: PMC11430062.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions:
    2. Enhanced NF-κB activation via HIV-1 Tat-TRAF6 cross-talk. Sci Adv. 2024 Jan 19; 10(3):eadi4162. Li Y, Liu X, Fujinaga K, Gross JD, Frankel AD. PMID: 38241362; PMCID: PMC10798561.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 3     Fields:    Translation:AnimalsCells
    3. Functional and structural segregation of overlapping helices in HIV-1. Elife. 2022 05 05; 11. Safari M, Jayaraman B, Yang S, Smith C, Fernandes JD, Frankel AD. PMID: 35511220; PMCID: PMC9119678.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 5     Fields:    Translation:Cells
    4. Global post-translational modification profiling of HIV-1-infected cells reveals mechanisms of host cellular pathway remodeling. Cell Rep. 2022 04 12; 39(2):110690. Johnson JR, Crosby DC, Hultquist JF, Kurland AP, Adhikary P, Li D, Marlett J, Swann J, Hüttenhain R, Verschueren E, Johnson TL, Newton BW, Shales M, Simon VA, Beltrao P, Frankel AD, Marson A, Cox JS, Fregoso OI, Young JAT, Krogan NJ. PMID: 35417684; PMCID: PMC9429972.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 13     Fields:    Translation:HumansCells
    5. Phosphoregulation of Phase Separation by the SARS-CoV-2 N Protein Suggests a Biophysical Basis for its Dual Functions. Mol Cell. 2020 12 17; 80(6):1092-1103.e4. Carlson CR, Asfaha JB, Ghent CM, Howard CJ, Hartooni N, Safari M, Frankel AD, Morgan DO. PMID: 33248025; PMCID: PMC7677695.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 180     Fields:    Translation:HumansCells
    6. A SARS-CoV-2 protein interaction map reveals targets for drug repurposing. Nature. 2020 07; 583(7816):459-468. Gordon DE, Jang GM, Bouhaddou M, Xu J, Obernier K, White KM, O'Meara MJ, Rezelj VV, Guo JZ, Swaney DL, Tummino TA, Hüttenhain R, Kaake RM, Richards AL, Tutuncuoglu B, Foussard H, Batra J, Haas K, Modak M, Kim M, Haas P, Polacco BJ, Braberg H, Fabius JM, Eckhardt M, Soucheray M, Bennett MJ, Cakir M, McGregor MJ, Li Q, Meyer B, Roesch F, Vallet T, Mac Kain A, Miorin L, Moreno E, Naing ZZC, Zhou Y, Peng S, Shi Y, Zhang Z, Shen W, Kirby IT, Melnyk JE, Chorba JS, Lou K, Dai SA, Barrio-Hernandez I, Memon D, Hernandez-Armenta C, Lyu J, Mathy CJP, Perica T, Pilla KB, Ganesan SJ, Saltzberg DJ, Rakesh R, Liu X, Rosenthal SB, Calviello L, Venkataramanan S, Liboy-Lugo J, Lin Y, Huang XP, Liu Y, Wankowicz SA, Bohn M, Safari M, Ugur FS, Koh C, Savar NS, Tran QD, Shengjuler D, Fletcher SJ, O'Neal MC, Cai Y, Chang JCJ, Broadhurst DJ, Klippsten S, Sharp PP, Wenzell NA, Kuzuoglu-Ozturk D, Wang HY, Trenker R, Young JM, Cavero DA, Hiatt J, Roth TL, Rathore U, Subramanian A, Noack J, Hubert M, Stroud RM, Frankel AD, Rosenberg OS, Verba KA, Agard DA, Ott M, Emerman M, Jura N, von Zastrow M, Verdin E, Ashworth A, Schwartz O, d'Enfert C, Mukherjee S, Jacobson M, Malik HS, Fujimori DG, Ideker T, Craik CS, Floor SN, Fraser JS, Gross JD, Sali A, Roth BL, Ruggero D, Taunton J, Kortemme T, Beltrao P, Vignuzzi M, García-Sastre A, Shokat KM, Shoichet BK, Krogan NJ. PMID: 32353859; PMCID: PMC7431030.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 2478     Fields:    Translation:HumansAnimalsCellsPHPublic Health
    7. A Quantitative Genetic Interaction Map of HIV Infection. Mol Cell. 2020 04 16; 78(2):197-209.e7. Gordon DE, Watson A, Roguev A, Zheng S, Jang GM, Kane J, Xu J, Guo JZ, Stevenson E, Swaney DL, Franks-Skiba K, Verschueren E, Shales M, Crosby DC, Frankel AD, Marson A, Marazzi I, Cagney G, Krogan NJ. PMID: 32084337; PMCID: PMC7462049.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 14     Fields:    Translation:HumansCells
    8. ARIH2 Is a Vif-Dependent Regulator of CUL5-Mediated APOBEC3G Degradation in HIV Infection. Cell Host Microbe. 2019 07 10; 26(1):86-99.e7. Hüttenhain R, Xu J, Burton LA, Gordon DE, Hultquist JF, Johnson JR, Satkamp L, Hiatt J, Rhee DY, Baek K, Crosby DC, Frankel AD, Marson A, Harper JW, Alpi AF, Schulman BA, Gross JD, Krogan NJ. PMID: 31253590; PMCID: PMC7153695.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 30     Fields:    Translation:HumansCells
    9. Highly Mutable Linker Regions Regulate HIV-1 Rev Function and Stability. Sci Rep. 2019 03 26; 9(1):5139. Jayaraman B, Fernandes JD, Yang S, Smith C, Frankel AD. PMID: 30914719; PMCID: PMC6435700.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 9     Fields:    Translation:HumansCells
    10. Discovery of a Branched Peptide That Recognizes the Rev Response Element (RRE) RNA and Blocks HIV-1 Replication. J Med Chem. 2018 11 08; 61(21):9611-9620. Dai Y, Wynn JE, Peralta AN, Sherpa C, Jayaraman B, Li H, Verma A, Frankel AD, Le Grice SF, Santos WL. PMID: 30289719; PMCID: PMC6557124.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 10     Fields:    Translation:Cells
    11. The HIV-1 Tat protein recruits a ubiquitin ligase to reorganize the 7SK snRNP for transcriptional activation. Elife. 2018 05 30; 7. Faust TB, Li Y, Bacon CW, Jang GM, Weiss A, Jayaraman B, Newton BW, Krogan NJ, D'Orso I, Frankel AD. PMID: 29845934; PMCID: PMC5999396.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 24     Fields:    Translation:HumansCells
    12. Making Sense of Multifunctional Proteins: Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Accessory and Regulatory Proteins and Connections to Transcription. Annu Rev Virol. 2017 09 29; 4(1):241-260. Faust TB, Binning JM, Gross JD, Frankel AD. PMID: 28961413; PMCID: PMC5750048.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 24     Fields:    Translation:HumansCells
    13. Identification and Optimization of Thienopyridine Carboxamides as Inhibitors of HIV Regulatory Complexes. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2017 07; 61(7). Nakamura RL, Burlingame MA, Yang S, Crosby DC, Talbot DJ, Chui K, Frankel AD, Renslo AR. PMID: 28416550; PMCID: PMC5487668.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 2     Fields:    
    14. PJA2 ubiquitinates the HIV-1 Tat protein with atypical chain linkages to activate viral transcription. Sci Rep. 2017 03 27; 7:45394. Faust TB, Li Y, Jang GM, Johnson JR, Yang S, Weiss A, Krogan NJ, Frankel AD. PMID: 28345603; PMCID: PMC5366948.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 19     Fields:    Translation:HumansCells
    15. Functional Segregation of Overlapping Genes in HIV. Cell. 2016 Dec 15; 167(7):1762-1773.e12. Fernandes JD, Faust TB, Strauli NB, Smith C, Crosby DC, Nakamura RL, Hernandez RD, Frankel AD. PMID: 27984726; PMCID: PMC5287106.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 29     Fields:    Translation:HumansCells
    16. Oligomeric viral proteins: small in size, large in presence. Crit Rev Biochem Mol Biol. 2016 Sep; 51(5):379-394. Jayaraman B, Smith AM, Fernandes JD, Frankel AD. PMID: 27685368; PMCID: PMC5088105.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 11     Fields:    Translation:HumansAnimalsCells
    17. A structurally plastic ribonucleoprotein complex mediates post-transcriptional gene regulation in HIV-1. Wiley Interdiscip Rev RNA. 2016 07; 7(4):470-86. Fernandes JD, Booth DS, Frankel AD. PMID: 26929078; PMCID: PMC5026123.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 14     Fields:    Translation:HumansCells
    18. Thermodynamics of Rev-RNA interactions in HIV-1 Rev-RRE assembly. Biochemistry. 2015 Oct 27; 54(42):6545-54. Jayaraman B, Mavor D, Gross JD, Frankel AD. PMID: 26422686; PMCID: PMC4801481.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 10     Fields:    Translation:Cells
    19. Selective Targeting of Cells via Bispecific Molecules That Exploit Coexpression of Two Intracellular Proteins. ACS Chem Biol. 2015 Nov 20; 10(11):2441-7. Dunyak BM, Nakamura RL, Frankel AD, Gestwicki JE. PMID: 26322864; PMCID: PMC4714926.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 3     Fields:    Translation:HumansCells
    20. The export receptor Crm1 forms a dimer to promote nuclear export of HIV RNA. Elife. 2014 Dec 08; 3:e04121. Booth DS, Cheng Y, Frankel AD. PMID: 25486595; PMCID: PMC4360530.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 47     Fields:    Translation:HumansCells
    21. RNA-directed remodeling of the HIV-1 protein Rev orchestrates assembly of the Rev-Rev response element complex. Elife. 2014 Dec 08; 3:e04120. Jayaraman B, Crosby DC, Homer C, Ribeiro I, Mavor D, Frankel AD. PMID: 25486594; PMCID: PMC4360532.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 51     Fields:    Translation:HumansCells
    22. A cell-based method for screening RNA-protein interactions: identification of constitutive transport element-interacting proteins. PLoS One. 2012; 7(10):e48194. Nakamura RL, Landt SG, Mai E, Nejim J, Chen L, Frankel AD. PMID: 23133567; PMCID: PMC3485056.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 4     Fields:    Translation:HumansCells
    23. Transition step during assembly of HIV Tat:P-TEFb transcription complexes and transfer to TAR RNA. Mol Cell Biol. 2012 Dec; 32(23):4780-93. D'Orso I, Jang GM, Pastuszak AW, Faust TB, Quezada E, Booth DS, Frankel AD. PMID: 23007159; PMCID: PMC3497596.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 34     Fields:    Translation:HumansCells
    24. Transcription control by long non-coding RNAs. Transcription. 2012 Mar-Apr; 3(2):78-86. Faust T, Frankel A, D'Orso I. PMID: 22414755; PMCID: PMC3337829.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 11     Fields:    Translation:HumansAnimalsCells
    25. The HIV-1 Rev response element: an RNA scaffold that directs the cooperative assembly of a homo-oligomeric ribonucleoprotein complex. RNA Biol. 2012 Jan; 9(1):6-11. Fernandes J, Jayaraman B, Frankel A. PMID: 22258145; PMCID: PMC3342944.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 54     Fields:    Translation:Cells
    26. Global landscape of HIV-human protein complexes. Nature. 2011 Dec 21; 481(7381):365-70. Jäger S, Cimermancic P, Gulbahce N, Johnson JR, McGovern KE, Clarke SC, Shales M, Mercenne G, Pache L, Li K, Hernandez H, Jang GM, Roth SL, Akiva E, Marlett J, Stephens M, D'Orso I, Fernandes J, Fahey M, Mahon C, O'Donoghue AJ, Todorovic A, Morris JH, Maltby DA, Alber T, Cagney G, Bushman FD, Young JA, Chanda SK, Sundquist WI, Kortemme T, Hernandez RD, Craik CS, Burlingame A, Sali A, Frankel AD, Krogan NJ. PMID: 22190034; PMCID: PMC3310911.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 427     Fields:    Translation:HumansCells
    27. GPS-Prot: a web-based visualization platform for integrating host-pathogen interaction data. BMC Bioinformatics. 2011 Jul 22; 12:298. Fahey ME, Bennett MJ, Mahon C, Jäger S, Pache L, Kumar D, Shapiro A, Rao K, Chanda SK, Craik CS, Frankel AD, Krogan NJ. PMID: 21777475; PMCID: PMC3213248.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 47     Fields:    Translation:HumansCells
    28. Comparative analysis of RNA/protein dynamics for the arginine-rich-binding motif and zinc-finger-binding motif proteins encoded by HIV-1. Biophys J. 2010 Nov 17; 99(10):3454-62. Wang H, Ma X, Yeh YS, Zhu Y, Daugherty MD, Frankel AD, Musier-Forsyth K, Barbara PF. PMID: 21081095; PMCID: PMC2980704.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 3     Fields:    Translation:Cells
    29. An SF1 affinity model to identify branch point sequences in human introns. Nucleic Acids Res. 2011 Mar; 39(6):2344-56. Pastuszak AW, Joachimiak MP, Blanchette M, Rio DC, Brenner SE, Frankel AD. PMID: 21071404; PMCID: PMC3064769.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 7     Fields:    Translation:HumansCells
    30. Structural basis for cooperative RNA binding and export complex assembly by HIV Rev. Nat Struct Mol Biol. 2010 Nov; 17(11):1337-42. Daugherty MD, Liu B, Frankel AD. PMID: 20953181; PMCID: PMC2988976.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 103     Fields:    Translation:Cells
    31. HIV-1 Tat: Its Dependence on Host Factors is Crystal Clear. Viruses. 2010 Oct 01; 2(10):2226-2234. D'Orso I, Frankel AD. PMID: 21709748; PMCID: PMC3120229.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 14     Fields:    
    32. Purification and characterization of HIV-human protein complexes. Methods. 2011 Jan; 53(1):13-9. Jäger S, Gulbahce N, Cimermancic P, Kane J, He N, Chou S, D'Orso I, Fernandes J, Jang G, Frankel AD, Alber T, Zhou Q, Krogan NJ. PMID: 20708689; PMCID: PMC3076283.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 40     Fields:    Translation:HumansCells
    33. HIV Rev response element (RRE) directs assembly of the Rev homooligomer into discrete asymmetric complexes. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2010 Jul 13; 107(28):12481-6. Daugherty MD, Booth DS, Jayaraman B, Cheng Y, Frankel AD. PMID: 20616058; PMCID: PMC2906596.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 56     Fields:    Translation:Cells
    34. RNA-mediated displacement of an inhibitory snRNP complex activates transcription elongation. Nat Struct Mol Biol. 2010 Jul; 17(7):815-21. D'Orso I, Frankel AD. PMID: 20562857; PMCID: PMC2921552.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 91     Fields:    Translation:HumansCells
    35. Host cell factors in HIV replication: meta-analysis of genome-wide studies. PLoS Pathog. 2009 May; 5(5):e1000437. Bushman FD, Malani N, Fernandes J, D'Orso I, Cagney G, Diamond TL, Zhou H, Hazuda DJ, Espeseth AS, König R, Bandyopadhyay S, Ideker T, Goff SP, Krogan NJ, Frankel AD, Young JA, Chanda SK. PMID: 19478882; PMCID: PMC2682202.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 268     Fields:    Translation:HumansCells
    36. Tat acetylation modulates assembly of a viral-host RNA-protein transcription complex. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2009 Mar 03; 106(9):3101-6. D'Orso I, Frankel AD. PMID: 19223581; PMCID: PMC2651313.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 38     Fields:    Translation:HumansAnimalsCells
    37. Nucleocapsid Protein Locally Melts The Iib Region Of Hiv-1 Rre Rna, But Rev Protein Does Not: A Single-molecule Spectroscopic Study. Biophysical Journal. 2009 Feb 1; 96(3):292a. Yeh YY, Wang WH, Barbara BP, Daugherty DM, Frankel FA, Musier-Forsyth MK. .
      View in: Publisher Site   Mentions:
    38. A solution to limited genomic capacity: using adaptable binding surfaces to assemble the functional HIV Rev oligomer on RNA. Mol Cell. 2008 Sep 26; 31(6):824-34. Daugherty MD, D'Orso I, Frankel AD. PMID: 18922466; PMCID: PMC2651398.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 75     Fields:    Translation:Cells
    39. Targeting tat inhibitors in the assembly of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 transcription complexes. J Virol. 2008 Oct; 82(19):9492-504. D'Orso I, Grunwell JR, Nakamura RL, Das C, Frankel AD. PMID: 18667497; PMCID: PMC2546947.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 8     Fields:    Translation:HumansCells
    40. ISFOLD: structure prediction of base pairs in non-helical RNA motifs from isostericity signatures in their sequence alignments. J Biomol Struct Dyn. 2008 Apr; 25(5):467-72. Mokdad A, Frankel AD. PMID: 18282001.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 4     Fields:    Translation:Cells
    41. An alpha-helical peptidomimetic inhibitor of the HIV-1 Rev-RRE interaction. J Am Chem Soc. 2006 Mar 22; 128(11):3496-7. Mills NL, Daugherty MD, Frankel AD, Guy RK. PMID: 16536504; PMCID: PMC2566309.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 20     Fields:    Translation:Cells
    42. A simple motif for protein recognition in DNA secondary structures. J Mol Biol. 2005 Sep 02; 351(5):982-94. Landt SG, Ramirez A, Daugherty MD, Frankel AD. PMID: 16055152.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 6     Fields:    Translation:Cells
    43. Viral RNA gymnastics. Nat Chem Biol. 2005 Jul; 1(2):67-8. Calabro V, Frankel AD. PMID: 16407998.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions:    Fields:    Translation:HumansAnimalsCells
    44. Localized influence of 2'-hydroxyl groups and helix geometry on protein recognition in the RNA major groove. Biochemistry. 2005 May 03; 44(17):6547-58. Landt SG, Tipton AR, Frankel AD. PMID: 15850388.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions:    Fields:    Translation:HumansAnimalsCells
    45. A single intermolecular contact mediates intramolecular stabilization of both RNA and protein. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2005 May 10; 102(19):6849-54. Calabro V, Daugherty MD, Frankel AD. PMID: 15857951; PMCID: PMC1100766.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 10     Fields:    Translation:Cells
    46. Selection of TAR RNA-binding chameleon peptides by using a retroviral replication system. J Virol. 2004 Feb; 78(3):1456-63. Xie B, Calabro V, Wainberg MA, Frankel AD. PMID: 14722301; PMCID: PMC321383.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 5     Fields:    Translation:HumansAnimalsCells
    47. Ab initio interaction energies of hydrogen-bonded amino acid side chain[bond]nucleic acid base interactions. J Am Chem Soc. 2004 Jan 21; 126(2):434-5. Cheng AC, Frankel AD. PMID: 14719918.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 5     Fields:    Translation:Cells
    48. Evidence for conformational flexibility in the Tat-TAR recognition motif of cyclin T1. Virology. 2004 Jan 05; 318(1):306-17. Das C, Edgcomb SP, Peteranderl R, Chen L, Frankel AD. PMID: 14972556.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 13     Fields:    Translation:HumansAnimalsCells
    49. Sequence and structure space of RNA-binding peptides. Biopolymers. 2003 Sep; 70(1):80-5. Das C, Frankel AD. PMID: 12925994.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 9     Fields:    Translation:Cells
    50. Structural diversity and isomorphism of hydrogen-bonded base interactions in nucleic acids. J Mol Biol. 2003 Apr 04; 327(4):767-80. Walberer BJ, Cheng AC, Frankel AD. PMID: 12654262.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 11     Fields:    Translation:Cells
    51. Recognition of nucleic acid bases and base-pairs by hydrogen bonding to amino acid side-chains. J Mol Biol. 2003 Apr 04; 327(4):781-96. Cheng AC, Chen WW, Fuhrmann CN, Frankel AD. PMID: 12654263.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 31     Fields:    Translation:Cells
    52. Selection of RRE RNA binding peptides using a kanamycin antitermination assay. RNA. 2003 Feb; 9(2):252-61. Peled-Zehavi H, Horiya S, Das C, Harada K, Frankel AD. PMID: 12554868; PMCID: PMC1370391.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 4     Fields:    Translation:Cells
    53. Replication of human immunodeficiency viruses engineered with heterologous Tat-transactivation response element interactions. J Virol. 2003 Feb; 77(3):1984-91. Xie B, Wainberg MA, Frankel AD. PMID: 12525632; PMCID: PMC140932.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 7     Fields:    Translation:HumansCells
    54. Recognition of RNA branch point sequences by the KH domain of splicing factor 1 (mammalian branch point binding protein) in a splicing factor complex. Mol Cell Biol. 2001 Aug; 21(15):5232-41. Peled-Zehavi H, Berglund JA, Rosbash M, Frankel AD. PMID: 11438677; PMCID: PMC87247.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 25     Fields:    Translation:HumansAnimalsCells
    55. Design of RNA-binding proteins and ligands. Curr Opin Struct Biol. 2001 Aug; 11(4):478-84. Cheng AC, Calabro V, Frankel AD. PMID: 11495742.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 11     Fields:    Translation:AnimalsCells
    56. Molecular dynamics and binding specificity analysis of the bovine immunodeficiency virus BIV Tat-TAR complex. Biophys J. 2001 Jun; 80(6):2833-42. Reyes CM, Nifosì R, Frankel AD, Kollman PA. PMID: 11371457; PMCID: PMC1301468.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 11     Fields:    Translation:AnimalsCells
    57. Structural characterization of the complex of the Rev response element RNA with a selected peptide. Chem Biol. 2001 May; 8(5):511-20. Zhang Q, Harada K, Cho HS, Frankel AD, Wemmer DE. PMID: 11358697.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 11     Fields:    Translation:Cells
    58. Structure-based design of a dimeric RNA-peptide complex. EMBO J. 2001 Jan 15; 20(1-2):178-86. Campisi DM, Calabro V, Frankel AD. PMID: 11226168; PMCID: PMC140190.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 5     Fields:    Translation:HumansAnimalsCells
    59. An RNA-binding chameleon. Mol Cell. 2000 Nov; 6(5):1067-76. Smith CA, Calabro V, Frankel AD. PMID: 11106746.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 36     Fields:    Translation:Cells
    60. Fitting peptides into the RNA world. Curr Opin Struct Biol. 2000 Jun; 10(3):332-40. Frankel AD. PMID: 10851193.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 19     Fields:    Translation:HumansAnimalsCells
    61. Structure determination and binding kinetics of a DNA aptamer-argininamide complex. Biochemistry. 2000 Feb 08; 39(5):946-54. Robertson SA, Harada K, Frankel AD, Wemmer DE. PMID: 10653638.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 8     Fields:    Translation:Cells
    62. Screening RNA-binding libraries by transcriptional antitermination in bacteria. Methods Enzymol. 2000; 318:297-308. Peled-Zehavi H, Smith CA, Harada K, Frankel AD. PMID: 10889995.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 7     Fields:    Translation:Cells
    63. Screening in vivo for RNA-binding peptides from combinatorial libraries. Nucleic Acids Symp Ser. 2000; (44):269-70. Harada K, Horiya S, Zehavi H, Frankel AD. PMID: 12903372.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 1     Fields:    Translation:Cells
    64. Using peptides as models of RNA-protein interactions. Methods Enzymol. 2000; 318:423-38. Smith CA, Chen L, Frankel AD. PMID: 10890003.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 6     Fields:    Translation:Cells
    65. Screening RNA-binding libraries using Tat-fusion system in mammalian cells. Methods Enzymol. 2000; 318:350-63. Landt SG, Tan R, Frankel AD. PMID: 10889998.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 7     Fields:    Translation:HumansAnimalsCells
    66. If the loop fits... Nat Struct Biol. 1999 Dec; 6(12):1081-3. Frankel AD. PMID: 10581539.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 5     Fields:    Translation:AnimalsCells
    67. Structure-based design of an RNA-binding zinc finger. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1999 Aug 17; 96(17):9521-6. McColl DJ, Honchell CD, Frankel AD. PMID: 10449725; PMCID: PMC22241.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 20     Fields:    Translation:Cells
    68. RNase treatment of yeast and mammalian cell extracts affects in vitro substrate methylation by type I protein arginine N-methyltransferases. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1999 Jun 07; 259(2):391-400. Frankel A, Clarke S. PMID: 10362520.
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    69. Screening RNA-binding libraries using a bacterial transcription antitermination assay. Methods Mol Biol. 1999; 118:177-87. Harada K, Frankel AD. PMID: 10549523.
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    70. In vivo selection of RNA-binding peptides from combinatorial libraries. Nucleic Acids Symp Ser. 1999; (42):213-4. Harada K, Martin SS, Frankel AD. PMID: 10780455.
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    71. Altering the context of an RNA bulge switches the binding specificities of two viral Tat proteins. Biochemistry. 1998 Jul 28; 37(30):10808-14. Smith CA, Crotty S, Harada Y, Frankel AD. PMID: 9692971.
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    72. A novel glutamine-RNA interaction identified by screening libraries in mammalian cells. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1998 Apr 14; 95(8):4247-52. Tan R, Frankel AD. PMID: 9539722; PMCID: PMC22474.
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    73. Induced folding in RNA-protein recognition: more than a simple molecular handshake. Cell. 1998 Jan 23; 92(2):149-51. Frankel AD, Smith CA. PMID: 9458038.
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    74. HIV-1: fifteen proteins and an RNA. Annu Rev Biochem. 1998; 67:1-25. Frankel AD, Young JA. PMID: 9759480.
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    75. Molding a peptide into an RNA site by in vivo peptide evolution. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1997 Oct 28; 94(22):11887-92. Harada K, Martin SS, Tan R, Frankel AD. PMID: 9342332; PMCID: PMC23646.
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    76. Dissection of the proposed base triple in human immunodeficiency virus TAR RNA indicates the importance of the Hoogsteen interaction. Biochemistry. 1997 Mar 25; 36(12):3491-5. Tao J, Chen L, Frankel AD. PMID: 9131998.
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    77. RNA Recognition by HIV-1 Tat and Rev. Seminars in Virology. 1997 Jan 1; 8(3):186-193. Tan TR, Brodsky BA, Williamson WJ, Frankel FA. .
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    78. Alpha helix-RNA major groove recognition in an HIV-1 rev peptide-RRE RNA complex. Science. 1996 Sep 13; 273(5281):1547-51. Battiste JL, Mao H, Rao NS, Tan R, Muhandiram DR, Kay LE, Frankel AD, Williamson JR. PMID: 8703216.
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    79. Selection of RNA-binding peptides in vivo. Nature. 1996 Mar 14; 380(6570):175-9. Harada K, Martin SS, Frankel AD. PMID: 8600395.
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    80. Arginine-binding RNAs resembling TAR identified by in vitro selection. Biochemistry. 1996 Feb 20; 35(7):2229-38. Tao J, Frankel AD. PMID: 8652564.
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    81. Identification of two novel arginine binding DNAs. EMBO J. 1995 Dec 01; 14(23):5798-811. Harada K, Frankel AD. PMID: 8846773; PMCID: PMC394698.
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    82. Assignment and modeling of the Rev Response Element RNA bound to a Rev peptide using 13C-heteronuclear NMR. J Biomol NMR. 1995 Dec; 6(4):375-89. Battiste JL, Tan R, Frankel AD, Williamson JR. PMID: 8563466.
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    83. Solution structure of a bovine immunodeficiency virus Tat-TAR peptide-RNA complex. Science. 1995 Nov 17; 270(5239):1200-3. Puglisi JD, Chen L, Blanchard S, Frankel AD. PMID: 7502045.
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    84. Structural variety of arginine-rich RNA-binding peptides. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1995 Jun 06; 92(12):5282-6. Tan R, Frankel AD. PMID: 7777498; PMCID: PMC41678.
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    85. A peptide interaction in the major groove of RNA resembles protein interactions in the minor groove of DNA. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1995 May 23; 92(11):5077-81. Chen L, Frankel AD. PMID: 7761451; PMCID: PMC41851.
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    86. Rapamycin enhances apoptosis and increases sensitivity to cisplatin in vitro. Cancer Res. 1995 May 01; 55(9):1982-8. Shi Y, Frankel A, Radvanyi LG, Penn LZ, Miller RG, Mills GB. PMID: 7728769.
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    87. Increased cellular uptake of the human immunodeficiency virus-1 Tat protein after modification with biotin. Anal Biochem. 1995 May 01; 227(1):168-75. Chen LL, Frankel AD, Harder JL, Fawell S, Barsoum J, Pepinsky B. PMID: 7668378.
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    88. Interaction of HIV Rev peptides with the Rev response element RNA. Nucleic Acids Symp Ser. 1995; (33):46-8. Williamson JR, Battiste JL, Mao H, Frankel AD. PMID: 8643394.
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    89. Costabilization of peptide and RNA structure in an HIV Rev peptide-RRE complex. Biochemistry. 1994 Dec 06; 33(48):14579-85. Tan R, Frankel AD. PMID: 7981219.
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    90. Binding of an HIV Rev peptide to Rev responsive element RNA induces formation of purine-purine base pairs. Biochemistry. 1994 Mar 15; 33(10):2741-7. Battiste JL, Tan R, Frankel AD, Williamson JR. PMID: 8130185.
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    91. An RNA-binding peptide from bovine immunodeficiency virus Tat protein recognizes an unusual RNA structure. Biochemistry. 1994 Mar 08; 33(9):2708-15. Chen L, Frankel AD. PMID: 8117736.
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    92. Factors associated with airway colonisation and invasion due to Klebsiella spp. S Afr Med J. 1993 Sep; 83(9):643-6. Feldman C, Smith C, Kaka S, de Jong P, Goolam Mahomed A, Frankel A, Koornhof HJ. PMID: 8093134.
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    93. ChemInform Abstract: Tactics and Strategies in Solid Phase Peptide Synthesis: New Directions, Methods and Applications. ChemInform. 1993 Jun 22; 24(25):no-no. BIANCALANA BS, HUDSON HD, LYTTLE LM, JOHNSON JC, TSOU TD, WRIGHT WP, BARANY BG, CALNAN CB, FRANKEL FA, ET AL. ET AL. E. .
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    94. RNA recognition by an isolated alpha helix. Cell. 1993 Jun 04; 73(5):1031-40. Tan R, Chen L, Buettner JA, Hudson D, Frankel AD. PMID: 7684657.
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    95. Role of RNA structure in arginine recognition of TAR RNA. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1993 Apr 15; 90(8):3680-4. Puglisi JD, Chen L, Frankel AD, Williamson JR. PMID: 7682716; PMCID: PMC46365.
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    96. ChemInform Abstract: Approaches Towards the Automated Synthesis of Genes and Proteins. ChemInform. 1993 Mar 16; 24(11):no-no. COOK CR, BIANCALANA BS, HUDSON HD, FRANKEL FA, TSOU TD, LYTTLE LM, SINHA SN. .
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    97. Electrostatic interactions modulate the RNA-binding and transactivation specificities of the human immunodeficiency virus and simian immunodeficiency virus Tat proteins. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1993 Feb 15; 90(4):1571-5. Tao J, Frankel AD. PMID: 8434019; PMCID: PMC45916.
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    98. The importance of being flexible. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1992 Dec 15; 89(24):11653. Frankel AD. PMID: 1361230; PMCID: PMC50613.
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    99. Peptide models of the Tat-TAR protein-RNA interaction. Protein Sci. 1992 Dec; 1(12):1539-42. Frankel AD. PMID: 1304886; PMCID: PMC2142144.
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    100. Circular dichroism studies suggest that TAR RNA changes conformation upon specific binding of arginine or guanidine. Biochemistry. 1992 Oct 27; 31(42):10288-94. Tan R, Frankel AD. PMID: 1384695.
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    101. Conformation of the TAR RNA-arginine complex by NMR spectroscopy. Science. 1992 Jul 03; 257(5066):76-80. Puglisi JD, Tan R, Calnan BJ, Frankel AD, Williamson JR. PMID: 1621097.
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    102. Specific binding of arginine to TAR RNA. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1992 Apr 01; 89(7):2723-6. Tao J, Frankel AD. PMID: 1557378; PMCID: PMC48734.
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    103. Activation of HIV transcription by Tat. Curr Opin Genet Dev. 1992 Apr; 2(2):293-8. Frankel AD. PMID: 1638124.
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    104. Structure of a ricin mutant showing rescue of activity by a noncatalytic residue. Biochemistry. 1992 Mar 31; 31(12):3294-6. Kim Y, Mlsna D, Monzingo AF, Ready MP, Frankel A, Robertus JD. PMID: 1348187.
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    105. Specific binding of a basic peptide from HIV-1 Rev. EMBO J. 1992 Mar; 11(3):1119-29. Kjems J, Calnan BJ, Frankel AD, Sharp PA. PMID: 1547776; PMCID: PMC556554.
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    106. The Arginine Fork: Correction. Science. 1992 Feb 7; 255(5045):665-665. Frankel FA, Tao TJ. .
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    107. RNA binding by the HIV-1 Tat protein. Peptides. 1992 Jan 1; 685-687. Calnan CB, Biancalana BS, Tidor TB, Hudson HD, Frankel FA. .
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    108. RNA-protein interactions. Cell. 1991 Dec 20; 67(6):1041-6. Frankel AD, Mattaj IW, Rio DC. PMID: 1722140.
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    109. Specific regulation of mRNA splicing in vitro by a peptide from HIV-1 Rev. Cell. 1991 Oct 04; 67(1):169-78. Kjems J, Frankel AD, Sharp PA. PMID: 1913815.
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    110. Endocytosis and targeting of exogenous HIV-1 Tat protein. EMBO J. 1991 Jul; 10(7):1733-9. Mann DA, Frankel AD. PMID: 2050110; PMCID: PMC452844.
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    111. Modular structure of transcription factors: implications for gene regulation. Cell. 1991 May 31; 65(5):717-9. Frankel AD, Kim PS. PMID: 2040012.
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    112. Arginine-mediated RNA recognition: the arginine fork. Science. 1991 May 24; 252(5009):1167-71. Calnan BJ, Tidor B, Biancalana S, Hudson D, Frankel AD. PMID: 1709522.
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    113. The role of Tat in the human immunodeficiency virus life cycle indicates a primary effect on transcriptional elongation. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1991 May 01; 88(9):4045-9. Feinberg MB, Baltimore D, Frankel AD. PMID: 2023953; PMCID: PMC51590.
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    114. Analysis of arginine-rich peptides from the HIV Tat protein reveals unusual features of RNA-protein recognition. Genes Dev. 1991 Feb; 5(2):201-10. Calnan BJ, Biancalana S, Hudson D, Frankel AD. PMID: 1899841.
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    115. Role of arginine 180 and glutamic acid 177 of ricin toxin A chain in enzymatic inactivation of ribosomes. Mol Cell Biol. 1990 Dec; 10(12):6257-63. Frankel A, Welsh P, Richardson J, Robertus JD. PMID: 1978925; PMCID: PMC362900.
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    116. HIV-1 Tat protein trans-activates transcription in vitro. Cell. 1990 Nov 16; 63(4):791-802. Marciniak RA, Calnan BJ, Frankel AD, Sharp PA. PMID: 2225077.
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    117. Circular dichroism studies of the HIV-1 Rev protein and its specific RNA binding site. Biochemistry. 1990 Oct 23; 29(42):9791-5. Daly TJ, Rusche JR, Maione TE, Frankel AD. PMID: 2125482.
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    118. Inhibition of antigen-induced lymphocyte proliferation by Tat protein from HIV-1. Science. 1989 Dec 22; 246(4937):1606-8. Viscidi RP, Mayur K, Lederman HM, Frankel AD. PMID: 2556795.
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    119. Activity of synthetic peptides from the Tat protein of human immunodeficiency virus type 1. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1989 Oct; 86(19):7397-401. Frankel AD, Biancalana S, Hudson D. PMID: 2552444; PMCID: PMC298069.
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    120. Selection and characterization of ricin toxin A-chain mutations in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Mol Cell Biol. 1989 Feb; 9(2):415-20. Frankel A, Schlossman D, Welsh P, Hertler A, Withers D, Johnston S. PMID: 2469000; PMCID: PMC362616.
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    121. Cellular uptake of the tat protein from human immunodeficiency virus. Cell. 1988 Dec 23; 55(6):1189-93. Frankel AD, Pabo CO. PMID: 2849510.
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    122. Combining thermostable mutations increases the stability of lambda repressor. Biochemistry. 1988 Sep 20; 27(19):7571-4. Stearman RS, Frankel AD, Freire E, Liu BS, Pabo CO. PMID: 3061460.
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    123. Dimerization of the tat protein from human immunodeficiency virus: a cysteine-rich peptide mimics the normal metal-linked dimer interface. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1988 Sep; 85(17):6297-300. Frankel AD, Chen L, Cotter RJ, Pabo CO. PMID: 2842763; PMCID: PMC281956.
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    124. Fingering too many proteins. Cell. 1988 Jun 03; 53(5):675. Frankel AD, Pabo CO. PMID: 3370671.
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    125. Tat protein from human immunodeficiency virus forms a metal-linked dimer. Science. 1988 Apr 01; 240(4848):70-3. Frankel AD, Bredt DS, Pabo CO. PMID: 2832944.
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    126. Systematic analysis of possible hydrogen bonds between amino acid side chains and B-form DNA. J Biomol Struct Dyn. 1983 Dec; 1(4):1039-49. Pabo CO, Jordan SR, Frankel AD. PMID: 6400903.
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    127. Restriction and modification enzymes detect no allosteric changes in DNA with bound lac repressor or RNA polymerase. J Mol Biol. 1981 Mar 15; 146(4):611-9. Frankel AD, Smith HO. PMID: 6268796.
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