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Carl Grunfeld, MD, PhD

Title(s)Professor Emeritus, Medicine
SchoolSchool of Medicine
Address4150 Clement St
San Francisco CA 94121
Phone415-750-2005
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    Collapse Biography 
    Collapse Education and Training
    Haverford College, Haverford, PABS1968Biology
    Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NYPhD1974Phrarmacology
    Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NYMD1975Medicine
    Massachuetts General Hospital, Boston, MA1977Internal Medicine Residency
    National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD1980Endocrinology Fellowship
    University of California, San Francisco, CA2018Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion Champion Training
    Collapse Awards and Honors
    Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, UCSF2019John H. Karam, MD, Clinician Educator Award
    Department of Veterans Affairs2019Certificate of Appreciation for Distinguished Service
    Alumni Association, Haverford College2018Distinguished Achievement Award for Outstanding Accomplishments in a Profession
    Albert Einstein College of Medicine2012Alumni Lifetime Achievement Award
    Department of Veterans Affairs2010Office of Public Health Strategic Healthcare Group Award
    Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism 2010The Endocrine Society and Pfizer Inc. International Award for Excellence in Published Clinical Res
    Western Metabolism Club2010Robert H. Williams-Rachmiel Levine Award
    University of Maastricht1999Catharina Pijls Lecture

    Collapse Research 
    Collapse Research Activities and Funding
    Effects of Antiretroviral Drugs on Metabolism
    NIH R01DK066999Mar 1, 2004 - Jan 31, 2013
    Role: Principal Investigator
    Fat Redistribution and Metabolic Change in HIV Infection
    NIH R01HL074814Sep 30, 1999 - Aug 31, 2009
    Role: Principal Investigator
    FAT REDISTRIBUTION AND METABOLIC CHANGE IN HIV INFECTION
    NIH R01DK057508Sep 30, 1999 - Sep 25, 2003
    Role: Principal Investigator
    ROLE OF SECONDARY ILLNESS IN THE WASTING OF AIDS
    NIH R01DK049448Sep 30, 1994 - Jul 31, 2002
    Role: Principal Investigator
    The Connie Wofsy Women's HIV Study
    NIH U01AI034989Aug 1, 1993 - Dec 31, 2019
    Role: Co-Investigator
    CYTOKINES AND HYPERLIPIDEMIA AND WASTING OF AIDS
    NIH R01DK040990Jul 1, 1989 - Jun 30, 1998
    Role: Principal Investigator
    INSULIN RECEPTOR STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION
    NIH R01DK037102Apr 1, 1986 - Mar 31, 1990
    Role: Principal Investigator
    A Resource for Biomedical Mass Spectrometry
    NIH P41RR000954Jun 1, 1975 - Dec 31, 2014
    Role: Co-Investigator
    General Clinical Research Center
    NIH M01RR000083Oct 1, 1974 - Nov 30, 2007
    Role: Co-Investigator

    Collapse ORNG Applications 
    Collapse Clinical Trials

    Collapse Bibliographic 
    Collapse Publications
    Publications listed below are automatically derived from MEDLINE/PubMed and other sources, which might result in incorrect or missing publications. Researchers can login to make corrections and additions, or contact us for help. to make corrections and additions.
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    Altmetrics Details PMC Citations indicate the number of times the publication was cited by articles in PubMed Central, and the Altmetric score represents citations in news articles and social media. (Note that publications are often cited in additional ways that are not shown here.) Fields are based on how the National Library of Medicine (NLM) classifies the publication's journal and might not represent the specific topic of the publication. Translation tags are based on the publication type and the MeSH terms NLM assigns to the publication. Some publications (especially newer ones and publications not in PubMed) might not yet be assigned Field or Translation tags.) Click a Field or Translation tag to filter the publications.
    1. Contributions of HIV, hepatitis C virus, and traditional vascular risk factors to peripheral artery disease in women. AIDS. 2019 11 01; 33(13):2025-2033. Cedarbaum E, Ma Y, Scherzer R, Price JC, Adimora AA, Bamman M, Cohen M, Fischl MA, Matsushita K, Ofotokun I, Plankey M, Seaberg EC, Yin MT, Grunfeld C, Vartanian S, Sharma A, Tien PC. PMID: 31335806.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 1     Fields:    Translation:Humans
    2. Association of Statin Use With Kidney Damage and Function Among HIV-Infected Men. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr. 2019 10 01; 82(2):202-210. Ascher SB, Scherzer R, Nishtala A, Jotwani V, Grunfeld C, Parikh CR, Ng D, Wang R, Palella FJ, Shlipak MG, Estrella MM. PMID: 31356467.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 1     Fields:    Translation:Humans
    3. Mortality following myocardial infarction among HIV-infected persons: the Center for AIDS Research Network Of Integrated Clinical Systems (CNICS). BMC Med. 2019 07 31; 17(1):149. Feinstein MJ, Nance RM, Delaney JAC, Heckbert SR, Budoff MJ, Drozd DR, Burkholder GA, Willig JH, Mugavero MJ, Mathews WC, Moore RD, Eron JJ, Napravnik S, Hunt PW, Geng E, Hsue P, Peter I, Lober WB, Crothers K, Grunfeld C, Saag MS, Kitahata MM, Lloyd-Jones DM, Crane HM. PMID: 31362721.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 4     Fields:    Translation:Humans
    4. Tenofovir disoproxil fumarate initiation and changes in urinary biomarker concentrations among HIV-infected men and women. AIDS. 2019 03 15; 33(4):723-733. Zhang WR, Scherzer R, Estrella MM, Ascher SB, Muiru A, Jotwani V, Grunfeld C, Parikh CR, Gustafson D, Kassaye S, Sharma A, Cohen M, Tien PC, Ng DK, Palella FJ, Witt MD, Ho K, Shlipak MG. PMID: 30830887.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 1     Fields:    Translation:Humans
    5. Leptinemia is Associated With Peripheral Artery Disease. J Surg Res. 2019 06; 238:48-56. Zahner GJ, Ramirez JL, Spaulding KA, Khetani SA, Gasper WJ, Grunfeld C, Hills NK, Schafer AL, Grenon SM. PMID: 30738358.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 1     Fields:    Translation:Humans
    6. Kidney disease risk factors associate with urine biomarkers concentrations in HIV-positive persons; a cross-sectional study. BMC Nephrol. 2019 01 03; 20(1):4. Muiru AN, Shlipak MG, Scherzer R, Zhang WR, Ascher SB, Jotwani V, Grunfeld C, Parikh CR, Ng D, Palella FJ, Ho K, Kassaye S, Sharma A, Cohen M, Wang R, Qi Q, Estrella MM. PMID: 30606136.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 2     Fields:    Translation:Humans
    7. Association of Urinary Biomarkers of Kidney Injury with Estimated GFR Decline in HIV-Infected Individuals following Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate Initiation. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol. 2018 09 07; 13(9):1321-1329. Ascher SB, Scherzer R, Estrella MM, Zhang WR, Muiru AN, Jotwani V, Grunfeld C, Parikh CR, Gustafson D, Young M, Sharma A, Cohen MH, Ng DK, Palella FJ, Witt MD, Ho K, Shlipak MG. PMID: 30154221.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 3     Fields:    Translation:Humans
    8. Association of Biomarker Clusters With Cardiac Phenotypes and Mortality in Patients With HIV Infection. Circ Heart Fail. 2018 04; 11(4):e004312. Scherzer R, Shah SJ, Secemsky E, Butler J, Grunfeld C, Shlipak MG, Hsue PY. PMID: 29615435.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 6     Fields:    Translation:Humans
    9. Contribution of Liver Fibrosis and Microbial Translocation to Immune Activation in Persons Infected With HIV and/or Hepatitis C Virus. J Infect Dis. 2018 03 28; 217(8):1289-1297. Reid M, Ma Y, Scherzer R, Price JC, French AL, Huhn GD, Plankey MW, Peters M, Grunfeld C, Tien PC. PMID: 29304196.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 5     Fields:    Translation:HumansCells
    10. CHA2DS2-VASc Score, Warfarin Use, and Risk for Thromboembolic Events Among HIV-Infected Persons With Atrial Fibrillation. . 2017 09 01; 76(1):90-97. Chau KH, Scherzer R, Grunfeld C, Hsue PY, Shlipak MG. PMID: 28797024.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions:
    11. Association of Tenofovir Use With Risk of Incident Heart Failure in HIV-Infected Patients. J Am Heart Assoc. 2017 Apr 24; 6(4). Chen R, Scherzer R, Hsue PY, Jotwani V, Estrella MM, Horberg MA, Grunfeld C, Shlipak MG. PMID: 28438737.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 4     Fields:    Translation:Humans
    12. Types of Myocardial Infarction Among Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Infected Individuals in the United States. JAMA Cardiol. 2017 03 01; 2(3):260-267. Crane HM, Paramsothy P, Drozd DR, Nance RM, Delaney JA, Heckbert SR, Budoff MJ, Burkholder GA, Willig JH, Mugavero MJ, Mathews WC, Crane PK, Moore RD, Eron JJ, Napravnik S, Hunt PW, Geng E, Hsue P, Rodriguez C, Peter I, Barnes GS, McReynolds J, Lober WB, Crothers K, Feinstein MJ, Grunfeld C, Saag MS, Kitahata MM, . PMID: 28052152.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 16     Fields:    Translation:HumansCells
    13. Associations Between At-Risk Alcohol Use, Substance Use, and Smoking with Lipohypertrophy and Lipoatrophy Among Patients Living with HIV. AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 2017 06; 33(6):534-545. Noorhasan M, Drozd DR, Grunfeld C, Merrill JO, Burkholder GA, Mugavero MJ, Willig JH, Willig AL, Cropsey KL, Mayer KH, Blashill A, Mimiaga M, McCaul ME, Hutton H, Chander G, Mathews WC, Napravnik S, Eron JJ, Christopoulos K, Fredericksen RJ, Nance RM, Delaney JC, Crane PK, Saag MS, Kitahata MM, Crane HM. PMID: 28092168.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 1     Fields:    
    14. Higher CD163 levels are associated with insulin resistance in hepatitis C virus-infected and HIV-infected adults. AIDS. 2017 01 28; 31(3):385-393. Reid M, Ma Y, Scherzer R, Price JC, French AL, Plankey MW, Grunfeld C, Tien PC. PMID: 28081037.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 8     Fields:    Translation:Humans
    15. Association of serum albumin and aspartate transaminase with 5-year all-cause mortality in HIV/hepatitis C virus coinfection and HIV monoinfection. AIDS. 2017 01 02; 31(1):71-79. Scherzer R, Heymsfield SB, Rimland D, Powderly WG, Tien PC, Bacchetti P, Shlipak MG, Grunfeld C, . PMID: 27677166.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 3     Fields:    Translation:Humans
    16. Association of Kidney Function and Early Kidney Injury With Incident Hypertension in HIV-Infected Women. Hypertension. 2017 02; 69(2):304-313. Ascher SB, Scherzer R, Peralta CA, Tien PC, Grunfeld C, Estrella MM, Abraham A, Gustafson DR, Nowicki M, Sharma A, Cohen MH, Butch AW, Young MA, Bennett MR, Shlipak MG. PMID: 27993956.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 3     Fields:    Translation:HumansCells
    17. Effect of inflammation on HDL structure and function. Curr Opin Lipidol. 2016 10; 27(5):521-30. Feingold KR, Grunfeld C. PMID: 27495134.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 19     Fields:    Translation:HumansAnimalsCells
    18. Diabetes in HIV-infected persons in Cameroon? Diabetes Metab Res Rev. 2016 09; 32(6):512-3. Grunfeld C, Dankner R. PMID: 26936763.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions:    Fields:    Translation:HumansCells
    19. HIV and Hepatitis C-Coinfected Patients Have Lower Low-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol Despite Higher Proprotein Convertase Subtilisin Kexin 9 (PCSK9): An Apparent "PCSK9-Lipid Paradox". J Am Heart Assoc. 2016 04 29; 5(5). Kohli P, Ganz P, Ma Y, Scherzer R, Hur S, Weigel B, Grunfeld C, Deeks S, Wasserman S, Scott R, Hsue PY. PMID: 27130349.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 7     Fields:    Translation:Humans
    20. Effects of a mindfulness-based weight loss intervention in adults with obesity: A randomized clinical trial. Obesity (Silver Spring). 2016 Apr; 24(4):794-804. Daubenmier J, Moran PJ, Kristeller J, Acree M, Bacchetti P, Kemeny ME, Dallman M, Lustig RH, Grunfeld C, Nixon DF, Milush JM, Goldman V, Laraia B, Laugero KD, Woodhouse L, Epel ES, Hecht FM. PMID: 26955895.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 27     Fields:    Translation:Humans
    21. Use of cystatin C to inform metformin eligibility among adult veterans with diabetes. J Clin Transl Endocrinol. 2016 Mar; 3:1-6. Tuot DS, Scherzer R, Leong H, Hung AM, Grunfeld C, Shlipak MG. PMID: 28603691.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions:
    22. Association of HIV, Hepatitis C Virus, and Liver Fibrosis Severity With the Enhanced Liver Fibrosis Score. J Infect Dis. 2016 Apr 01; 213(7):1079-86. Swanson S, Ma Y, Scherzer R, Huhn G, French AL, Plankey MW, Grunfeld C, Rosenberg WM, Peters MG, Tien PC. PMID: 26621911.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 7     Fields:    Translation:HumansCells
    23. Association of HIV, hepatitis C virus and liver fibrosis severity with interleukin-6 and C-reactive protein levels. AIDS. 2015 Jul 17; 29(11):1325-33. Shah S, Ma Y, Scherzer R, Huhn G, French AL, Plankey M, Peters MG, Grunfeld C, Tien PC. PMID: 25870985.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 14     Fields:    Translation:HumansCells
    24. Subchronic sleep restriction causes tissue-specific insulin resistance. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2015 Apr; 100(4):1664-71. Rao MN, Neylan TC, Grunfeld C, Mulligan K, Schambelan M, Schwarz JM. PMID: 25658017.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 27     Fields:    Translation:Humans
    25. Teriparatide treatment of osteoporosis in an HIV-infected man: a case report and literature review. AIDS. 2015 Jan 14; 29(2):245-6. Wheeler AL, Tien PC, Grunfeld C, Schafer AL. PMID: 25532609.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 3     Fields:    Translation:Humans
    26. Deep sequencing of RYR3 gene identifies rare and common variants associated with increased carotid intima-media thickness (cIMT) in HIV-infected individuals. J Hum Genet. 2015 Feb; 60(2):63-7. Zhi D, Shendre A, Scherzer R, Irvin MR, Perry RT, Levy S, Arnett DK, Grunfeld C, Shrestha S. PMID: 25500725.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions:    Fields:    Translation:Humans
    27. Altered inflammatory activity associated with reduced hippocampal volume and more severe posttraumatic stress symptoms in Gulf War veterans. Psychoneuroendocrinology. 2015 Jan; 51:557-66. O'Donovan A, Chao LL, Paulson J, Samuelson KW, Shigenaga JK, Grunfeld C, Weiner MW, Neylan TC. PMID: 25465168.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 18     Fields:    Translation:Humans
    28. Depletion of B-cells with rituximab improves endothelial function and reduces inflammation among individuals with rheumatoid arthritis. J Am Heart Assoc. 2014 Oct 21; 3(5):e001267. Hsue PY, Scherzer R, Grunfeld C, Imboden J, Wu Y, Del Puerto G, Nitta E, Shigenaga J, Schnell Heringer A, Ganz P, Graf J. PMID: 25336464.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 15     Fields:    Translation:HumansCellsCTClinical Trials
    29. Inflammation stimulates niacin receptor (GPR109A/HCA2) expression in adipose tissue and macrophages. J Lipid Res. 2014 Dec; 55(12):2501-8. Feingold KR, Moser A, Shigenaga JK, Grunfeld C. PMID: 25320346.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 18     Fields:    Translation:AnimalsCells
    30. Hyperinsulinemic response to oral glucose challenge in individuals with posttraumatic stress disorder. Psychoneuroendocrinology. 2014 Nov; 49:171-81. Rao MN, Chau A, Madden E, Inslicht S, Talbot L, Richards A, O'Donovan A, Ruoff L, Grunfeld C, Neylan TC. PMID: 25108160.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 5     Fields:    Translation:Humans
    31. Serum albumin and kidney function decline in HIV-infected women. Am J Kidney Dis. 2014 Oct; 64(4):584-91. Lang J, Scherzer R, Tien PC, Parikh CR, Anastos K, Estrella MM, Abraham AG, Sharma A, Cohen MH, Butch AW, Nowicki M, Grunfeld C, Shlipak MG. PMID: 25059222.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 4     Fields:    Translation:HumansCells
    32. A chronic kidney disease risk score to determine tenofovir safety in a prospective cohort of HIV-positive male veterans. AIDS. 2014 Jun 01; 28(9):1289-95. Scherzer R, Gandhi M, Estrella MM, Tien PC, Deeks SG, Grunfeld C, Peralta CA, Shlipak MG. PMID: 24922479.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 12     Fields:    Translation:Humans
    33. Monocyte activation from interferon-a in HIV infection increases acetylated LDL uptake and ROS production. J Interferon Cytokine Res. 2014 Oct; 34(10):822-8. Pulliam L, Calosing C, Sun B, Grunfeld C, Rempel H. PMID: 24731171.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 3     Fields:    Translation:HumansCells
    34. Association of glucocorticoid receptor haplotypes with body composition and metabolic parameters in HIV-infected patients from the FRAM study. Pharmacogenet Genomics. 2014 Mar; 24(3):156-61. Manenschijn L, Scherzer R, Koper JW, Danoff A, van Rossum EF, Grunfeld C. PMID: 24418810.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 1     Fields:    Translation:Humans
    35. HIV/hepatitis C virus coinfection ameliorates the atherogenic lipoprotein abnormalities of HIV infection. AIDS. 2014 Jan 02; 28(1):49-58. Wheeler AL, Scherzer R, Lee D, Delaney JA, Bacchetti P, Shlipak MG, Sidney S, Grunfeld C, Tien PC, . PMID: 24136113.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 7     Fields:    Translation:Humans
    36. HIV, inflammation, and calcium in atherosclerosis. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 2014 Feb; 34(2):244-50. Shrestha S, Irvin MR, Grunfeld C, Arnett DK. PMID: 24265418.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 23     Fields:    Translation:HumansAnimalsCells
    37. Does HIV infection promote early kidney injury in women? Antivir Ther. 2014; 19(1):79-87. Jotwani V, Scherzer R, Abraham A, Estrella MM, Bennett M, Devarajan P, Anastos K, Cohen MH, Nowicki M, Sharma A, Young M, Tien PC, Grunfeld C, Parikh CR, Shlipak MG. PMID: 23970313.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 9     Fields:    Translation:Humans
    38. The relationship between body mass index and mental health among Iraq and Afghanistan veterans. J Gen Intern Med. 2013 Jul; 28 Suppl 2:S563-70. Maguen S, Madden E, Cohen B, Bertenthal D, Neylan T, Talbot L, Grunfeld C, Seal K. PMID: 23807066.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 17     Fields:    Translation:Humans
    39. Serum albumin and short-term risk for mortality and cardiovascular disease among HIV-infected veterans. AIDS. 2013 May 15; 27(8):1339-43. Lang J, Scherzer R, Weekley CC, Tien PC, Grunfeld C, Shlipak MG. PMID: 23343914.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 8     Fields:    Translation:Humans
    40. Elevated levels of asymmetric dimethylarginine are associated with lower CD4+ count and higher viral load in HIV-infected individuals. Atherosclerosis. 2013 Jul; 229(1):246-52. Parikh RV, Scherzer R, Grunfeld C, Nitta EM, Leone A, Martin JN, Deeks SG, Ganz P, Hsue PY. PMID: 23711612.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 12     Fields:    Translation:HumansCells
    41. Atrial fibrillation and atrial flutter in human immunodeficiency virus-infected persons: incidence, risk factors, and association with markers of HIV disease severity. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2013 Jun 04; 61(22):2288-95. Hsu JC, Li Y, Marcus GM, Hsue PY, Scherzer R, Grunfeld C, Shlipak MG. PMID: 23563125.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 24     Fields:    Translation:Humans
    42. Ceramides stimulate caspase-14 expression in human keratinocytes. Exp Dermatol. 2013 Feb; 22(2):113-8. Jiang YJ, Kim P, Uchida Y, Elias PM, Bikle DD, Grunfeld C, Feingold KR. PMID: 23362869.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 5     Fields:    Translation:HumansCells
    43. Urinary markers of kidney injury and kidney function decline in HIV-infected women. . 2012 Dec 15; 61(5):565-73. Shlipak MG, Scherzer R, Abraham A, Tien PC, Grunfeld C, Peralta CA, Devarajan P, Bennett M, Butch AW, Anastos K, Cohen MH, Nowicki M, Sharma A, Young MA, Sarnak MJ, Parikh CR. PMID: 23023103.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions:
    44. Lipids: a key player in the battle between the host and microorganisms. J Lipid Res. 2012 Dec; 53(12):2487-9. Feingold KR, Grunfeld C. PMID: 23075464.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 13     Fields:    Translation:AnimalsCells
    45. Mechanisms of triglyceride accumulation in activated macrophages. J Leukoc Biol. 2012 Oct; 92(4):829-39. Feingold KR, Shigenaga JK, Kazemi MR, McDonald CM, Patzek SM, Cross AS, Moser A, Grunfeld C. PMID: 22753953.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 48     Fields:    Translation:AnimalsCells
    46. Psoriasis: it's more than just the skin. J Lipid Res. 2012 Aug; 53(8):1427-9. Feingold KR, Grunfeld C. PMID: 22685321.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 3     Fields:    Translation:Humans
    47. Association of tenofovir exposure with kidney disease risk in HIV infection. AIDS. 2012 Apr 24; 26(7):867-75. Scherzer R, Estrella M, Li Y, Choi AI, Deeks SG, Grunfeld C, Shlipak MG. PMID: 22313955.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 132     Fields:    Translation:Humans
    48. Angiopoietin like protein 4 expression is decreased in activated macrophages. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2012 May 11; 421(3):612-5. Feingold KR, Shigenaga JK, Cross AS, Moser A, Grunfeld C. PMID: 22538368.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 8     Fields:    Translation:AnimalsCells
    49. FGF21 is increased by inflammatory stimuli and protects leptin-deficient ob/ob mice from the toxicity of sepsis. Endocrinology. 2012 Jun; 153(6):2689-700. Feingold KR, Grunfeld C, Heuer JG, Gupta A, Cramer M, Zhang T, Shigenaga JK, Patzek SM, Chan ZW, Moser A, Bina H, Kharitonenkov A. PMID: 22474187.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 40     Fields:    Translation:AnimalsCells
    50. HIV infection is associated with decreased thrombin generation. Clin Infect Dis. 2012 Apr; 54(8):1196-203. Hsue PY, Scherzer R, Grunfeld C, Nordstrom SM, Schnell A, Kohl LP, Nitta E, Martin JN, Deeks SG, Weiss EJ. PMID: 22438347.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 10     Fields:    Translation:Humans
    51. Incidence and risk factors for acute kidney injury in HIV Infection. Am J Nephrol. 2012; 35(4):327-34. Li Y, Shlipak MG, Grunfeld C, Choi AI. PMID: 22456100.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 13     Fields:    Translation:Humans
    52. Relationship between MRI-measured bone marrow adipose tissue and hip and spine bone mineral density in African-American and Caucasian participants: the CARDIA study. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2012 Apr; 97(4):1337-46. Shen W, Scherzer R, Gantz M, Chen J, Punyanitya M, Lewis CE, Grunfeld C. PMID: 22319043.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 31     Fields:    Translation:Humans
    53. Risk factors for ESRD in HIV-infected individuals: traditional and HIV-related factors. Am J Kidney Dis. 2012 May; 59(5):628-35. Jotwani V, Li Y, Grunfeld C, Choi AI, Shlipak MG. PMID: 22206742.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 58     Fields:    Translation:Humans
    54. Genes linked to energy metabolism and immunoregulatory mechanisms are associated with subcutaneous adipose tissue distribution in HIV-infected men. Pharmacogenet Genomics. 2011 Dec; 21(12):798-807. Irvin MR, Shrestha S, Chen YD, Wiener HW, Haritunians T, Vaughan LK, Tiwari HK, Taylor KD, Scherzer R, Saag MS, Grunfeld C, Rotter JI, Arnett DK. PMID: 21897333.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 11     Fields:    Translation:Humans
    55. Association of low level viremia with inflammation and mortality in HIV-infected adults. PLoS One. 2011; 6(11):e26320. Eastburn A, Scherzer R, Zolopa AR, Benson C, Tracy R, Do T, Bacchetti P, Shlipak M, Grunfeld C, Tien PC. PMID: 22073156.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 20     Fields:    Translation:HumansCells
    56. Association of increased upper trunk and decreased leg fat with 2-h glucose in control and HIV-infected persons. Diabetes Care. 2011 Nov; 34(11):2448-53. Kosmiski LA, Scherzer R, Heymsfield SB, Rimland D, Simberkoff MS, Sidney S, Shlipak MG, Bacchetti P, Biggs ML, Grunfeld C, . PMID: 21926283.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 4     Fields:    Translation:Humans
    57. Decreased limb muscle and increased central adiposity are associated with 5-year all-cause mortality in HIV infection. AIDS. 2011 Jul 17; 25(11):1405-14. Scherzer R, Heymsfield SB, Lee D, Powderly WG, Tien PC, Bacchetti P, Shlipak MG, Grunfeld C, . PMID: 21572308.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 44     Fields:    Translation:Humans
    58. Inflammation inhibits GPR81 expression in adipose tissue. Inflamm Res. 2011 Oct; 60(10):991-5. Feingold KR, Moser A, Shigenaga JK, Grunfeld C. PMID: 21751047.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 6     Fields:    Translation:AnimalsCells
    59. Regional fat deposition and cardiovascular risk in HIV infection: the FRAM study. AIDS Care. 2011 Aug; 23(8):929-38. Lake JE, Wohl D, Scherzer R, Grunfeld C, Tien PC, Sidney S, Currier JS. PMID: 21767228.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 30     Fields:    Translation:Humans
    60. Reduced kidney function and preclinical atherosclerosis in HIV-infected individuals: the study of fat redistribution and metabolic change in HIV infection (FRAM). Am J Nephrol. 2011; 33(5):453-60. Jotwani V, Scherzer R, Choi A, Szczech L, Polak JF, Kronmal RA, Grunfeld C, Shlipak M. PMID: 21508633.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 3     Fields:    Translation:Humans
    61. Inflammation inhibits the expression of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase in liver and adipose tissue. Innate Immun. 2012 Apr; 18(2):231-40. Feingold KR, Moser A, Shigenaga JK, Grunfeld C. PMID: 21450790.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 10     Fields:    Translation:AnimalsCells
    62. Levels of plasma fibrinogen are elevated in well-controlled rheumatoid arthritis. Rheumatology (Oxford). 2011 Aug; 50(8):1458-65. Rooney T, Scherzer R, Shigenaga JK, Graf J, Imboden JB, Grunfeld C. PMID: 21441551.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 5     Fields:    Translation:Humans
    63. Age-related skeletal muscle decline is similar in HIV-infected and uninfected individuals. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci. 2011 Mar; 66(3):332-40. Yarasheski KE, Scherzer R, Kotler DP, Dobs AS, Tien PC, Lewis CE, Kronmal RA, Heymsfield SB, Bacchetti P, Grunfeld C, . PMID: 21310810.
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    64. Impact of NRTIs on lipid levels among a large HIV-infected cohort initiating antiretroviral therapy in clinical care. AIDS. 2011 Jan 14; 25(2):185-95. Crane HM, Grunfeld C, Willig JH, Mugavero MJ, Van Rompaey S, Moore R, Rodriguez B, Feldman BJ, Lederman MM, Saag MS, Kitahata MM. PMID: 21150555.
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    65. Uromodulin concentrations are not associated with incident CKD among persons with coronary artery disease. BMC Nephrol. 2011 Jan 14; 12:2. Shlipak MG, Li Y, Fox C, Coresh J, Grunfeld C, Whooley M. PMID: 21235779.
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    66. Boosting dose ritonavir does not alter peripheral insulin sensitivity in healthy HIV-seronegative volunteers. . 2010 Nov; 55(3):361-4. Taylor SA, Lee GA, Pao VY, Anthonypillai J, Aweeka FT, Schwarz JM, Mulligan K, Schambelan M, Grunfeld C. PMID: 20595906.
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    67. Inflammation and mortality in HIV-infected adults: analysis of the FRAM study cohort. . 2010 Nov; 55(3):316-22. Tien PC, Choi AI, Zolopa AR, Benson C, Tracy R, Scherzer R, Bacchetti P, Shlipak M, Grunfeld C. PMID: 20581689.
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    68. The role of HDL in innate immunity. J Lipid Res. 2011 Jan; 52(1):1-3. Feingold KR, Grunfeld C. PMID: 20944062.
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    69. Associations of antiretroviral drug use and HIV-specific risk factors with carotid intima-media thickness. AIDS. 2010 Sep 10; 24(14):2201-9. Delaney JA, Scherzer R, Biggs ML, Shliplak MG, Polak JF, Currier JS, Kronmal RA, Wanke C, Bacchetti P, O'leary D, Tien PC, Grunfeld C. PMID: 20671544.
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    70. Expression and regulation of GPAT isoforms in cultured human keratinocytes and rodent epidermis. J Lipid Res. 2010 Nov; 51(11):3207-16. Lu B, Jiang YJ, Kim P, Moser A, Elias PM, Grunfeld C, Feingold KR. PMID: 20719759.
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    71. Cystatin C, albuminuria, and 5-year all-cause mortality in HIV-infected persons. Am J Kidney Dis. 2010 Nov; 56(5):872-82. Choi A, Scherzer R, Bacchetti P, Tien PC, Saag MS, Gibert CL, Szczech LA, Grunfeld C, Shlipak MG. PMID: 20709438.
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    72. Dyslipidemia and its Treatment in HIV Infection. Top HIV Med. 2010 Aug-Sep; 18(3):112-8. Grunfeld C. PMID: 20921577.
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    73. Regional adipose tissue measured by MRI over 5 years in HIV-infected and control participants indicates persistence of HIV-associated lipoatrophy. AIDS. 2010 Jul 17; 24(11):1717-26. Grunfeld C, Saag M, Cofrancesco J, Lewis CE, Kronmal R, Heymsfield S, Tien PC, Bacchetti P, Shlipak M, Scherzer R. PMID: 20502316.
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    74. Effects of insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-I/IGF-binding protein-3 treatment on glucose metabolism and fat distribution in human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients with abdominal obesity and insulin resistance. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2010 Sep; 95(9):4361-6. Rao MN, Mulligan K, Tai V, Wen MJ, Dyachenko A, Weinberg M, Li X, Lang T, Grunfeld C, Schwarz JM, Schambelan M. PMID: 20610601.
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    75. Intermuscular adipose tissue and metabolic associations in HIV infection. Obesity (Silver Spring). 2011 Feb; 19(2):283-91. Scherzer R, Shen W, Heymsfield SB, Lewis CE, Kotler DP, Punyanitya M, Bacchetti P, Shlipak MG, Grunfeld C, Study of Fat Redistribution and Metabolic Change in HIV Infection (FRAM) . PMID: 20539305.
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    76. Effect of inter-reader variability on outcomes in studies using carotid intima media thickness quantified by carotid ultrasonography. Eur J Epidemiol. 2010 Jun; 25(6):385-92. Delaney JA, Scherzer R, Polak J, Biggs ML, Kronmal R, Chen H, Sidney S, Grunfeld C. PMID: 20309612.
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    77. A genome-wide association study of carotid atherosclerosis in HIV-infected men. AIDS. 2010 Feb 20; 24(4):583-92. Shrestha S, Irvin MR, Taylor KD, Wiener HW, Pajewski NM, Haritunians T, Delaney JA, Schambelan M, Polak JF, Arnett DK, Chen YD, Grunfeld C. PMID: 20009918.
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    78. Endotoxin, zymosan, and cytokines decrease the expression of the transcription factor, carbohydrate response element binding protein, and its target genes. Innate Immun. 2011 Apr; 17(2):174-82. Feingold KR, Shigenaga JK, Patzek SM, Chui LG, Moser A, Grunfeld C. PMID: 20100709.
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    79. Association between kidney function and albuminuria with cardiovascular events in HIV-infected persons. Circulation. 2010 Feb 09; 121(5):651-8. Choi AI, Li Y, Deeks SG, Grunfeld C, Volberding PA, Shlipak MG. PMID: 20100969.
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    80. Relation of coronary artery plaque location to extent of coronary artery disease studied by computed tomographic angiography. J Cardiovasc Comput Tomogr. 2010 Jan-Feb; 4(1):19-26. Grunfeld C, Scherzer R, Varosy PD, Ambarish G, Nasir K, Budoff M. PMID: 20159623.
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    81. The protease inhibitor combination lopinavir/ritonavir does not decrease insulin secretion in healthy, HIV-seronegative volunteers. AIDS. 2010 Jan 16; 24(2):265-70. Pao VY, Lee GA, Taylor S, Aweeka FT, Schwarz JM, Mulligan K, Schambelan M, Grunfeld C. PMID: 19890203.
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    82. The acute phase response inhibits reverse cholesterol transport. J Lipid Res. 2010 Apr; 51(4):682-4. Feingold KR, Grunfeld C. PMID: 20071695.
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    83. Association of HIV infection, demographic and cardiovascular risk factors with all-cause mortality in the recent HAART era. . 2010 Jan; 53(1):102-6. Cockerham L, Scherzer R, Zolopa A, Rimland D, Lewis CE, Bacchetti P, Grunfeld C, Shlipak M, Tien PC. PMID: 19738484.
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    84. The acute phase response stimulates the expression of angiopoietin like protein 4. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2010 Jan 22; 391(4):1737-41. Lu B, Moser A, Shigenaga JK, Grunfeld C, Feingold KR. PMID: 20043872.
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    85. The acute effects of HIV protease inhibitors on insulin suppression of glucose production in healthy HIV-negative men. . 2009 Oct 01; 52(2):246-8. Lee GA, Schwarz JM, Patzek S, Kim S, Dyachenko A, Wen M, Mulligan K, Schambelan M, Grunfeld C. PMID: 19680131.
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    86. Preclinical atherosclerosis due to HIV infection: carotid intima-medial thickness measurements from the FRAM study. AIDS. 2009 Sep 10; 23(14):1841-9. Grunfeld C, Delaney JA, Wanke C, Currier JS, Scherzer R, Biggs ML, Tien PC, Shlipak MG, Sidney S, Polak JF, O'Leary D, Bacchetti P, Kronmal RA. PMID: 19455012.
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    87. ADRP/ADFP and Mal1 expression are increased in macrophages treated with TLR agonists. Atherosclerosis. 2010 Mar; 209(1):81-8. Feingold KR, Kazemi MR, Magra AL, McDonald CM, Chui LG, Shigenaga JK, Patzek SM, Chan ZW, Londos C, Grunfeld C. PMID: 19748622.
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    88. Levels of C-reactive protein associated with high and very high cardiovascular risk are prevalent in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. PLoS One. 2009 Jul 16; 4(7):e6242. Graf J, Scherzer R, Grunfeld C, Imboden J. PMID: 19606218.
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    89. The effect of individual antiretroviral drugs on body composition in HIV-infected persons initiating highly active antiretroviral therapy. . 2009 Jul 01; 51(3):298-304. Shlay JC, Sharma S, Peng G, Gibert CL, Grunfeld C, Terry Beirn Community Programs for Clinical Research on AIDS (CPCRA) , International Network for Strategic Initiatives in Global HIV Trials (INSIGHT) . PMID: 19412117.
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    90. HIV viremia and changes in kidney function. AIDS. 2009 Jun 01; 23(9):1089-96. Longenecker CT, Scherzer R, Bacchetti P, Lewis CE, Grunfeld C, Shlipak MG. PMID: 19352136.
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    91. Infection decreases fatty acid oxidation and nuclear hormone receptors in the diaphragm. J Lipid Res. 2009 Oct; 50(10):2055-63. Feingold KR, Moser A, Patzek SM, Shigenaga JK, Grunfeld C. PMID: 19443862.
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    92. Ceramide stimulates ABCA12 expression via peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor {delta} in human keratinocytes. J Biol Chem. 2009 Jul 10; 284(28):18942-52. Jiang YJ, Uchida Y, Lu B, Kim P, Mao C, Akiyama M, Elias PM, Holleran WM, Grunfeld C, Feingold KR. PMID: 19429679.
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    93. The effects of recombinant human leptin on visceral fat, dyslipidemia, and insulin resistance in patients with human immunodeficiency virus-associated lipoatrophy and hypoleptinemia. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2009 Apr; 94(4):1137-44. Mulligan K, Khatami H, Schwarz JM, Sakkas GK, DePaoli AM, Tai VW, Wen MJ, Lee GA, Grunfeld C, Schambelan M. PMID: 19174500.
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    94. Racial differences in changes of metabolic parameters and body composition in antiretroviral therapy-naive persons initiating antiretroviral therapy. . 2009 Jan 01; 50(1):44-53. Gibert CL, Shlay JC, Sharma S, Bartsch G, Peng G, Grunfeld C, Terry Beirn Community Programs for Clinical Research on AIDS , International Network for Strategic Initiatives in Global HIV Trials . PMID: 19295334.
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    95. Endotoxin in the gut and chylomicrons: translocation or transportation? J Lipid Res. 2009 Jan; 50(1):1-2. Grunfeld C, Feingold KR. PMID: 18957696.
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    96. LPS and proinflammatory cytokines decrease lipin-1 in mouse adipose tissue and 3T3-L1 adipocytes. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab. 2008 Dec; 295(6):E1502-9. Lu B, Lu Y, Moser AH, Shigenaga JK, Grunfeld C, Feingold KR. PMID: 18940942.
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    97. Comparison of dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry and magnetic resonance imaging-measured adipose tissue depots in HIV-infected and control subjects. Am J Clin Nutr. 2008 Oct; 88(4):1088-96. Scherzer R, Shen W, Bacchetti P, Kotler D, Lewis CE, Shlipak MG, Punyanitya M, Heymsfield SB, Grunfeld C, Study of Fat Redistribution Metabolic Change in HIV Infection . PMID: 18842798.
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    98. Understanding the complications of antiretroviral drugs. Clin Infect Dis. 2008 Aug 15; 47(4):575-6. Grunfeld C. PMID: 18611156.
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    99. Inflammation stimulates the expression of PCSK9. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2008 Sep 19; 374(2):341-4. Feingold KR, Moser AH, Shigenaga JK, Patzek SM, Grunfeld C. PMID: 18638454.
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    100. LPS decreases fatty acid oxidation and nuclear hormone receptors in the kidney. J Lipid Res. 2008 Oct; 49(10):2179-87. Feingold KR, Wang Y, Moser A, Shigenaga JK, Grunfeld C. PMID: 18574256.
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    101. Contribution of metabolic and anthropometric abnormalities to cardiovascular disease risk factors. Circulation. 2008 Jul 08; 118(2):e20-8. Grunfeld C, Kotler DP, Arnett DK, Falutz JM, Haffner SM, Hruz P, Masur H, Meigs JB, Mulligan K, Reiss P, Samaras K, Working Group 1 . PMID: 18566314.
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    102. State of the science conference: Initiative to decrease cardiovascular risk and increase quality of care for patients living with HIV/AIDS: executive summary. Circulation. 2008 Jul 08; 118(2):198-210. Grinspoon SK, Grunfeld C, Kotler DP, Currier JS, Lundgren JD, Dubé MP, Lipshultz SE, Hsue PY, Squires K, Schambelan M, Wilson PW, Yarasheski KE, Hadigan CM, Stein JH, Eckel RH. PMID: 18566320.
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    103. Simple anthropometric measures correlate with metabolic risk indicators as strongly as magnetic resonance imaging-measured adipose tissue depots in both HIV-infected and control subjects. Am J Clin Nutr. 2008 Jun; 87(6):1809-17. Scherzer R, Shen W, Bacchetti P, Kotler D, Lewis CE, Shlipak MG, Heymsfield SB, Grunfeld C, Study of Fat Redistribution Metabolic Change in HIV Infection (FRAM) . PMID: 18541572.
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    104. Insulin resistance in HIV infection: drugs, host responses, or restoration to health? Top HIV Med. 2008 Jun-Jul; 16(2):89-93. Grunfeld C. PMID: 18591716.
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    105. Association of HIV infection and HIV/HCV coinfection with C-reactive protein levels: the fat redistribution and metabolic change in HIV infection (FRAM) study. . 2008 Jun 01; 48(2):142-8. Reingold J, Wanke C, Kotler D, Lewis C, Tracy R, Heymsfield S, Tien P, Bacchetti P, Scherzer R, Grunfeld C, Shlipak M. PMID: 18344877.
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    106. HDL and innate immunity: a tale of two apolipoproteins. J Lipid Res. 2008 Aug; 49(8):1605-6. Grunfeld C, Feingold KR. PMID: 18515886.
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    107. Long-term subcutaneous tissue changes among antiretroviral-naive persons initiating stavudine, zidovudine, or abacavir with lamivudine. . 2008 May 01; 48(1):53-62. Shlay JC, Sharma S, Peng G, Gibert CL, Grunfeld C. PMID: 18491421.
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    108. The associations of regional adipose tissue with lipid and lipoprotein levels in HIV-infected men. . 2008 May 01; 48(1):44-52. Wohl D, Scherzer R, Heymsfield S, Simberkoff M, Sidney S, Bacchetti P, Grunfeld C, FRAM Study Investigators . PMID: 18360291.
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    109. Association of antiretroviral therapy with fibrinogen levels in HIV-infection. AIDS. 2008 Mar 30; 22(6):707-15. Madden E, Lee G, Kotler DP, Wanke C, Lewis CE, Tracy R, Heymsfield S, Shlipak MG, Bacchetti P, Scherzer R, Grunfeld C. PMID: 18356600.
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    110. HIV therapy, metabolic syndrome, and cardiovascular risk. Curr Atheroscler Rep. 2008 Feb; 10(1):61-70. Pao V, Lee GA, Grunfeld C. PMID: 18366987.
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    111. Illicit drug use and HIV treatment outcomes in a US cohort. AIDS. 2008 Jan 30; 22(3):357-65. Cofrancesco J, Scherzer R, Tien PC, Gibert CL, Southwell H, Sidney S, Dobs A, Grunfeld C. PMID: 18195562.
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    112. Infection and inflammation decrease apolipoprotein M expression. Atherosclerosis. 2008 Jul; 199(1):19-26. Feingold KR, Shigenaga JK, Chui LG, Moser A, Khovidhunkit W, Grunfeld C. PMID: 18054359.
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    113. Cystatin C level as a marker of kidney function in human immunodeficiency virus infection: the FRAM study. Arch Intern Med. 2007 Nov 12; 167(20):2213-9. Odden MC, Scherzer R, Bacchetti P, Szczech LA, Sidney S, Grunfeld C, Shlipak MG. PMID: 17998494.
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    114. Association of upper trunk and visceral adipose tissue volume with insulin resistance in control and HIV-infected subjects in the FRAM study. . 2007 Nov 01; 46(3):283-90. Grunfeld C, Rimland D, Gibert CL, Powderly WG, Sidney S, Shlipak MG, Bacchetti P, Scherzer R, Haffner S, Heymsfield SB. PMID: 18167644.
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    115. Effects of ritonavir and amprenavir on insulin sensitivity in healthy volunteers. AIDS. 2007 Oct 18; 21(16):2183-90. Lee GA, Rao M, Mulligan K, Lo JC, Aweeka F, Schwarz JM, Schambelan M, Grunfeld C. PMID: 18090045.
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    116. Relationship of fat distribution with adipokines in human immunodeficiency virus infection. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2008 Jan; 93(1):216-24. Kosmiski LA, Bacchetti P, Kotler DP, Heymsfield SB, Lewis CE, Shlipak MG, Scherzer R, Grunfeld C. PMID: 17940113.
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    117. Prevalence and factors associated with dry skin in HIV infection: the FRAM study. AIDS. 2007 Oct 01; 21(15):2051-7. Lee D, Benson CA, Lewis CE, Grunfeld C, Scherzer R. PMID: 17885295.
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    118. Recombinant human growth hormone to treat HIV-associated adipose redistribution syndrome: 12 week induction and 24-week maintenance therapy. . 2007 Jul 01; 45(3):286-97. Grunfeld C, Thompson M, Brown SJ, Richmond G, Lee D, Muurahainen N, Kotler DP, Study 24380 Investigators Group . PMID: 17592343.
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    119. Expression of the phospholipid scramblase (PLSCR) gene family during the acute phase response. Biochim Biophys Acta. 2007 Sep; 1771(9):1177-85. Lu B, Sims PJ, Wiedmer T, Moser AH, Shigenaga JK, Grunfeld C, Feingold KR. PMID: 17590392.
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    120. Microalbuminuria in HIV infection. AIDS. 2007 May 11; 21(8):1003-9. Szczech LA, Grunfeld C, Scherzer R, Canchola JA, van der Horst C, Sidney S, Wohl D, Shlipak MG. PMID: 17457094.
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    121. Long-term body composition and metabolic changes in antiretroviral naive persons randomized to protease inhibitor-, nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor-, or protease inhibitor plus nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor-based strategy. . 2007 Apr 15; 44(5):506-17. Shlay JC, Bartsch G, Peng G, Wang J, Grunfeld C, Gibert CL, Visnegarwala F, Raghavan SS, Xiang Y, Farrough M, Perry HE, Kotler D, El-Sadr WM. PMID: 17325603.
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    122. Tumor necrosis factor and interleukin 1 decrease RXRalpha, PPARalpha, PPARgamma, LXRalpha, and the coactivators SRC-1, PGC-1alpha, and PGC-1beta in liver cells. Metabolism. 2007 Feb; 56(2):267-79. Kim MS, Sweeney TR, Shigenaga JK, Chui LG, Moser A, Grunfeld C, Feingold KR. PMID: 17224343.
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    123. Effects of growth hormone on visceral adipose tissue and dyslipidemia in HIV, an erratum. . 2006 Nov 01; 43(3):378-80. Kotler DP, Muurahainen N, Grunfeld C, Wanke C, Thompson M, Saag M, Bock D, Simons G, Gertner JM. PMID: 17079997.
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    124. Metabolic Abnormalities Associated with the Use of Protease Inhibitors and Non-nucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors. Am J Infect Dis. 2006 Sep 30; 2(3):159-166. Rao MN, Lee GA, Grunfeld C. PMID: 22162956.
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    125. Single-dose lopinavir-ritonavir acutely inhibits insulin-mediated glucose disposal in healthy volunteers. Clin Infect Dis. 2006 Sep 01; 43(5):658-60. Lee GA, Lo JC, Aweeka F, Schwarz JM, Mulligan K, Schambelan M, Grunfeld C. PMID: 16886163.
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    126. Type II nuclear hormone receptors, coactivator, and target gene repression in adipose tissue in the acute-phase response. J Lipid Res. 2006 Oct; 47(10):2179-90. Lu B, Moser AH, Shigenaga JK, Feingold KR, Grunfeld C. PMID: 16847310.
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    127. Waist circumference correlates with metabolic syndrome indicators better than percentage fat. Obesity (Silver Spring). 2006 Apr; 14(4):727-36. Shen W, Punyanitya M, Chen J, Gallagher D, Albu J, Pi-Sunyer X, Lewis CE, Grunfeld C, Heshka S, Heymsfield SB. PMID: 16741276.
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    128. Cloning and characterization of a cDNA encoding human cardiolipin synthase (hCLS1). J Lipid Res. 2006 Jun; 47(6):1140-5. Lu B, Xu FY, Jiang YJ, Choy PC, Hatch GM, Grunfeld C, Feingold KR. PMID: 16547353.
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    129. The study of fat redistribution and metabolic change in HIV infection (FRAM): methods, design, and sample characteristics. Am J Epidemiol. 2006 May 01; 163(9):860-9. Tien PC, Benson C, Zolopa AR, Sidney S, Osmond D, Grunfeld C. PMID: 16524955.
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    130. Oxandrolone in the treatment of HIV-associated weight loss in men: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. . 2006 Mar; 41(3):304-14. Grunfeld C, Kotler DP, Dobs A, Glesby M, Bhasin S. PMID: 16540931.
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    132. Fish oil for treatment of hypertriglyceridemia in HIV infection: fish or foul? Clin Infect Dis. 2005 Nov 15; 41(10):1505-6. Grunfeld C. PMID: 16231264.
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    133. Fat distribution in men with HIV infection. . 2005 Oct 01; 40(2):121-31. Bacchetti P, Gripshover B, Grunfeld C, Heymsfield S, McCreath H, Osmond D, Saag M, Scherzer R, Shlipak M, Tien P, Study of Fat Redistribution and Metabolic Change in HIV Infection (FRAM) . PMID: 16186728.
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    135. Downregulation of liver X receptor-alpha in mouse kidney and HK-2 proximal tubular cells by LPS and cytokines. J Lipid Res. 2005 Nov; 46(11):2377-87. Wang Y, Moser AH, Shigenaga JK, Grunfeld C, Feingold KR. PMID: 16106051.
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    136. Suppression of estrogen-related receptor alpha and medium-chain acyl-coenzyme A dehydrogenase in the acute-phase response. J Lipid Res. 2005 Oct; 46(10):2282-8. Kim MS, Shigenaga JK, Moser AH, Feingold KR, Grunfeld C. PMID: 16061943.
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    137. Adipocyte fatty acid-binding protein expression and lipid accumulation are increased during activation of murine macrophages by toll-like receptor agonists. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 2005 Jun; 25(6):1220-4. Kazemi MR, McDonald CM, Shigenaga JK, Grunfeld C, Feingold KR. PMID: 15705927.
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    138. The effects of HIV protease inhibitors on carbohydrate and lipid metabolism. Curr HIV/AIDS Rep. 2005 Feb; 2(1):39-50. Lee GA, Rao MN, Grunfeld C. PMID: 16091248.
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    164. HIV protease inhibitors and glucose metabolism. AIDS. 2002 Apr 12; 16(6):925-6. Grunfeld C. PMID: 11919495.
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    167. The fatty liver in AIDS. Semin Gastrointest Dis. 2002 Jan; 13(1):47-54. Tien PC, Grunfeld C. PMID: 11944634.
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